TY - JOUR
T1 - Young drivers and their passengers
T2 - A systematic review of epidemiological studies on crash risk
AU - Ouimet, Marie Claude
AU - Pradhan, Anuj K.
AU - Brooks-Russell, Ashley
AU - Ehsani, Johnathon P.
AU - Berbiche, Djamal
AU - Simons-Morton, Bruce G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by the Intramural Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , National Institutes of Health. M.C.O. was supported through a career award from the Quebec Health Research Fund (Fonds de Recherche du QuébecdSanté).
Funding Information:
Disclaimer: Publication of this article was supported by the National Institutes of Health's Office of Disease Prevention and the intramural program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The opinions or views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funders.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.
PY - 2015/7/1
Y1 - 2015/7/1
N2 - Purpose A systematic review of the literature was conducted to appraise the evidence from epidemiological studies of crash risk in young drivers accompanied by passengers, compared with solo driving. Methods Databases searched were the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Transportation Research Information Services, and Web of Science for studies published between January 1, 1989 and August 1, 2013. Epidemiological studies were selected for review if they focused on crashes of young drivers (≤24 years old) and included both a no-passenger comparison group and some measure of exposure to enable calculation of estimates. Results Fifteen articles (17 studies) were selected; seven studies reported on fatal crashes and 10 on nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Studies on fatal crashes showed increased risk, compared with solo driving, for young drivers with at least one passenger (significant estimates ranging from 1.24 to 1.89) and two or more passengers versus solo driving (1.70-2.92). Increased risk was also found for fatal crashes and for combined or nonfatal crashes with male versus female passengers (1.53-2.66) and for younger versus older drivers (1.42-3.14). Conclusions Results more clearly indicated an increased risk for passenger presence in fatal crashes than that in nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Findings of this review, based on correlational studies, support licensing policies that limit the presence and number of young passengers for young drivers.
AB - Purpose A systematic review of the literature was conducted to appraise the evidence from epidemiological studies of crash risk in young drivers accompanied by passengers, compared with solo driving. Methods Databases searched were the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Transportation Research Information Services, and Web of Science for studies published between January 1, 1989 and August 1, 2013. Epidemiological studies were selected for review if they focused on crashes of young drivers (≤24 years old) and included both a no-passenger comparison group and some measure of exposure to enable calculation of estimates. Results Fifteen articles (17 studies) were selected; seven studies reported on fatal crashes and 10 on nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Studies on fatal crashes showed increased risk, compared with solo driving, for young drivers with at least one passenger (significant estimates ranging from 1.24 to 1.89) and two or more passengers versus solo driving (1.70-2.92). Increased risk was also found for fatal crashes and for combined or nonfatal crashes with male versus female passengers (1.53-2.66) and for younger versus older drivers (1.42-3.14). Conclusions Results more clearly indicated an increased risk for passenger presence in fatal crashes than that in nonfatal or combined fatal/nonfatal crashes. Findings of this review, based on correlational studies, support licensing policies that limit the presence and number of young passengers for young drivers.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Driver
KW - Passenger
KW - Systematic review
KW - Traffic accident
KW - Young adult
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937484644&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010
DO - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 26112735
AN - SCOPUS:84937484644
SN - 1054-139X
VL - 57
SP - s24-S35.e6
JO - Journal of Adolescent Health
JF - Journal of Adolescent Health
IS - 1
ER -