TY - JOUR
T1 - Virtual reality training improves operating room performance results of a randomized, double-blinded study
AU - Seymour, Neal E.
AU - Gallagher, Anthony G.
AU - Roman, Sanziana A.
AU - O'Brien, Michael K.
AU - Bansal, Vipin K.
AU - Andersen, Dana K.
AU - Satava, Richard M.
AU - Pellegrini, Carlos A.
AU - Sachdeva, Ajit K.
AU - Meakins, Johnathan L.
AU - Blumgart, Leslie H.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2002/10
Y1 - 2002/10
N2 - Objective: To demonstrate that virtual reality (VR) training transfers technical skills to the operating room (OR) environment. Summary Background Data: The use of VR surgical simulation to train skills and reduce error risk in the OR has never been demonstrated in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Methods: Sixteen surgical residents (PGY 1-4) had baseline psychomotor abilities assessed, then were randomized to either VR training (MIST VR simulator diathermy task) until expert criterion levels established by experienced laparoscopists were achieved (n = 8), or control non-VR-trained (n = 8). All subjects performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy with an attending surgeon blinded to training status, Videotapes of gallbladder dissection were reviewed independently by two investigators blinded to subject identity and training, and scored for eight predefined errors for each procedure minute (interrater reliability of error assessment r > 0.80). Results: No differences in baseline assessments were found between groups. Gallbladder dissection was 29% faster for VR-trained residents. Non-VR-trained residents were nine times more likely to transiently fail to make progress (P < .007, Mann-Whitney test) and five times more likely to injure the gallbladder or burn nontarget tissue (chi-square = 4.27, P < .04). Mean errors were six times less likely to occur in the VR-trained group (1.19 vs. 7.38 errors per case; P < .008, Mann-Whitney test). Conclusions The use of VR surgical simulation to reach specific target criteria significantly improved the OR performance of residents during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This validation of transfer of training skills from VR to OR sets the stage for more sophisticated uses of VR in assessment, training, error reduction, and certification of surgeons.
AB - Objective: To demonstrate that virtual reality (VR) training transfers technical skills to the operating room (OR) environment. Summary Background Data: The use of VR surgical simulation to train skills and reduce error risk in the OR has never been demonstrated in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Methods: Sixteen surgical residents (PGY 1-4) had baseline psychomotor abilities assessed, then were randomized to either VR training (MIST VR simulator diathermy task) until expert criterion levels established by experienced laparoscopists were achieved (n = 8), or control non-VR-trained (n = 8). All subjects performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy with an attending surgeon blinded to training status, Videotapes of gallbladder dissection were reviewed independently by two investigators blinded to subject identity and training, and scored for eight predefined errors for each procedure minute (interrater reliability of error assessment r > 0.80). Results: No differences in baseline assessments were found between groups. Gallbladder dissection was 29% faster for VR-trained residents. Non-VR-trained residents were nine times more likely to transiently fail to make progress (P < .007, Mann-Whitney test) and five times more likely to injure the gallbladder or burn nontarget tissue (chi-square = 4.27, P < .04). Mean errors were six times less likely to occur in the VR-trained group (1.19 vs. 7.38 errors per case; P < .008, Mann-Whitney test). Conclusions The use of VR surgical simulation to reach specific target criteria significantly improved the OR performance of residents during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This validation of transfer of training skills from VR to OR sets the stage for more sophisticated uses of VR in assessment, training, error reduction, and certification of surgeons.
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U2 - 10.1097/00000658-200210000-00008
DO - 10.1097/00000658-200210000-00008
M3 - Article
C2 - 12368674
AN - SCOPUS:0036785870
SN - 0003-4932
VL - 236
SP - 458
EP - 464
JO - Annals of Surgery
JF - Annals of Surgery
IS - 4
ER -