TY - JOUR
T1 - Use of liquefied petroleum gas in Puno, Peru
T2 - Fuel needs under conditions of free fuel and near-exclusive use
AU - Williams, Kendra N.
AU - Kephart, Josiah L.
AU - Fandiño-Del-Rio, Magdalena
AU - O'Brien, Carolyn J.
AU - Moulton, Lawrence Hale
AU - Koehler, Kirsten
AU - Harvey, Steven A.
AU - Checkley, William
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 International Energy Initiative
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - Reducing the burden of household air pollution could be achieved with exclusive adoption of cleaner fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). However, we lack understanding of how much LPG is required to support exclusive use and how household characteristics affect this quantity. This paper used data from 90 participants in the Cardiopulmonary outcomes and Household Air Pollution (CHAP) trial in Puno, Peru who received free LPG deliveries for one year. Households with a mean of four members that cooked nearly exclusively (>98%) with LPG used an average of 19.1 kg (95% CI 18.5 to 19.6) of LPG per month for tasks similar to those done with the traditional biomass stove. LPG use per month was 0.5 kg higher for each additional pig or dog owned (p = 0.003), 0.7 kg higher for each additional household member (p < 0.001), 0.3 kg higher for households in the second-lowest compared to the lowest wealth quintile (p = 0.01), and 1.1 kg higher if the household had previously received subsidized LPG (p = 0.05). LPG use per month was 1.1 kg lower during the rainy season (p < 0.001) and 1.7 kg lower during the planting season (p < 0.001) compared to the cold and harvest seasons, despite the fact that LPG was not typically used for space heating. LPG use decreased by 0.05 kg per month over the course of one year after receiving the LPG stove (p = 0.02). These results suggest that achieving exclusive LPG use in Puno, Peru requires that rural residents have affordable access to an average of two 10 kg LPG tanks per month. Conducting similar investigations in other countries could help policymakers set and target LPG subsidies to ensure that households have access to enough LPG to achieve exclusive LPG use and the potential health benefits.
AB - Reducing the burden of household air pollution could be achieved with exclusive adoption of cleaner fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). However, we lack understanding of how much LPG is required to support exclusive use and how household characteristics affect this quantity. This paper used data from 90 participants in the Cardiopulmonary outcomes and Household Air Pollution (CHAP) trial in Puno, Peru who received free LPG deliveries for one year. Households with a mean of four members that cooked nearly exclusively (>98%) with LPG used an average of 19.1 kg (95% CI 18.5 to 19.6) of LPG per month for tasks similar to those done with the traditional biomass stove. LPG use per month was 0.5 kg higher for each additional pig or dog owned (p = 0.003), 0.7 kg higher for each additional household member (p < 0.001), 0.3 kg higher for households in the second-lowest compared to the lowest wealth quintile (p = 0.01), and 1.1 kg higher if the household had previously received subsidized LPG (p = 0.05). LPG use per month was 1.1 kg lower during the rainy season (p < 0.001) and 1.7 kg lower during the planting season (p < 0.001) compared to the cold and harvest seasons, despite the fact that LPG was not typically used for space heating. LPG use decreased by 0.05 kg per month over the course of one year after receiving the LPG stove (p = 0.02). These results suggest that achieving exclusive LPG use in Puno, Peru requires that rural residents have affordable access to an average of two 10 kg LPG tanks per month. Conducting similar investigations in other countries could help policymakers set and target LPG subsidies to ensure that households have access to enough LPG to achieve exclusive LPG use and the potential health benefits.
KW - Clean energy
KW - Clean fuel
KW - Household air pollution
KW - Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
KW - Mixed methods
KW - Peru
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U2 - 10.1016/j.esd.2020.07.011
DO - 10.1016/j.esd.2020.07.011
M3 - Article
C2 - 33442225
AN - SCOPUS:85090296948
SN - 0973-0826
VL - 58
SP - 150
EP - 157
JO - Energy for Sustainable Development
JF - Energy for Sustainable Development
ER -