TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends in Elevated Blood Pressure among US Children and Adolescents
T2 - 1999-2012
AU - Xi, Bo
AU - Zhang, Tao
AU - Zhang, Meixian
AU - Liu, Fangchao
AU - Zong, Xinnan
AU - Zhao, Min
AU - Wang, Youfa
N1 - Funding Information:
All data used in this study were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This was partly supported by research grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) (1R01HD064685-01A1, R01DK81335-01A1), the Scientific Research Organization Construction Project of Shandong University (21320074615021), and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20120131120004).
Publisher Copyright:
© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2015.
PY - 2016/2/1
Y1 - 2016/2/1
N2 - BACKGROUND The prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) has been reported to increase significantly among the US children and adolescents from 1988-1994 to 1999-2008. We aimed to examine the recent trends in BP levels and prevalence of elevated BP, as well as related influencing factors among US children and adolescents. METHODS Data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2012 were combined into 3 time periods (1999-2002, 2003-2008, and 2009-2012) for the analysis. A total of 14,270 US children and adolescents aged 8-17 years were included in the current analysis. The sex-, age-, and height-BP standards recommended by the US Fourth Report were used to define high BP and elevated BP (including pre-HBP and HBP). RESULTS Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) decreased by 0.7 and 4.2mm Hg from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In 2009-2012, the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP in children and adolescents were 9.6% and 1.6%, with the absolute reduction of 2.8% and 1.3% from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In addition, daily intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, total saturated fatty acids, and caffeine decreased during the period between 1999-2002 and 2009-2012 (all P < 0.05), whereas daily intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mean BP levels as well as the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP among US children and adolescents have declined during the past decade. In addition, there might be an associated change in dietary factors.
AB - BACKGROUND The prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) has been reported to increase significantly among the US children and adolescents from 1988-1994 to 1999-2008. We aimed to examine the recent trends in BP levels and prevalence of elevated BP, as well as related influencing factors among US children and adolescents. METHODS Data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2012 were combined into 3 time periods (1999-2002, 2003-2008, and 2009-2012) for the analysis. A total of 14,270 US children and adolescents aged 8-17 years were included in the current analysis. The sex-, age-, and height-BP standards recommended by the US Fourth Report were used to define high BP and elevated BP (including pre-HBP and HBP). RESULTS Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) decreased by 0.7 and 4.2mm Hg from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In 2009-2012, the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP in children and adolescents were 9.6% and 1.6%, with the absolute reduction of 2.8% and 1.3% from 1999-2002 to 2009-2012, respectively. In addition, daily intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, total saturated fatty acids, and caffeine decreased during the period between 1999-2002 and 2009-2012 (all P < 0.05), whereas daily intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mean BP levels as well as the prevalence of elevated BP and HBP among US children and adolescents have declined during the past decade. In addition, there might be an associated change in dietary factors.
KW - blood pressure
KW - children
KW - elevated blood pressure
KW - hypertension
KW - trends
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U2 - 10.1093/ajh/hpv091
DO - 10.1093/ajh/hpv091
M3 - Article
C2 - 26158854
AN - SCOPUS:84959902879
SN - 0895-7061
VL - 29
SP - 217
EP - 225
JO - American Journal of Hypertension
JF - American Journal of Hypertension
IS - 2
ER -