Abstract
The cardiovascular system, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, undergoes dynamic structural and functional changes during aging and the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Alterations to both connective tissue (the extracellular matrix (ECM)) and cell phenotype and behavior contribute to cardiovascular homeostasis and disease. Two members of the transglutaminase family, tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and Factor XIII, are highly abundant in the cardiovascular system and are shown to play pivotal roles in cardiovascular homeostasis as well as disease initiation and progression. Factor XIII is abundant in blood and intimately involved in the cross-linking and stabilization of fibrin clots. TG2 on the other hand is constitutively expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells and induced in fibroblasts following injury. The role of these two enzymes in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease is the focus of this chapter.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Transglutaminase |
| Subtitle of host publication | Fundamentals and Applications |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Pages | 131-167 |
| Number of pages | 37 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780443191688 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780443191695 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2024 |
Keywords
- Aging
- Cardiac fibrosis
- Cardiovascular disease
- Factor XIII
- Tissue transglutaminase
- Transglutaminase
- Vascular stiffness
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology