Thoracic cardiovascular anomalies in children: Evaluation with a fast gradient-recalled-echo sequence with cardiac-triggered segmented acquisition

A fast gradient-recalled-echo sequence with cardiac-triggered segmented acquisition (fastcard) was compared with a standard T1-weighted spin-echo sequence with cardiac gating and respiratory compensation in the evaluation of pediatric patients with thoracic cardiovascular anomalies. Twenty patients aged 1 week to 24 years (median age, 9 months) with various abnormalities underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In 18 patients, MR imaging was performed with both gated spin-echo and fastcard. Two observers rated the clinical utility of each sequence. Fastcard images were superior to spin-echo images in 10 patients, equivalent in seven, and inferior in one. Two additional patients with suspected pulmonary vascular lesions were accurately evaluated with the fastcard technique. The fastcard technique provides superior demonstration of thoracic cardiovascular structures and turbulent flow and enables imaging in multiple phases of the cardiac cycle.