TY - JOUR
T1 - Thinking outside the blood
T2 - Perspectives on tissue-resident Trypanosoma brucei
AU - Crilly, Nathan P.
AU - Mugnier, Monica R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: MRM is supported by Office of the Director, NIH (DP5OD023065). NC is supported by NIH T32 OD011089. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright: © 2021 Crilly, Mugnier. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - AU Trypanosoma: Pleaseconfirmthatallheadinglevelsarerepresentedcorrectly brucei is a protozoan parasite that causes human : and animal African trypanosomiases (HAT and AAT). In the mammalian host, the parasite lives entirely extracellularly, in both the blood and interstitial spaces in tissues. Although most T. brucei research has focused on the biology of blood- and central nervous system (CNS)-resident parasites, a number of recent studies have highlighted parasite reservoirs in the dermis and adipose tissue, leading to a renewed interest in tissue-resident parasite populations. In light of this renewed interest, work describing tissue-resident parasites can serve as a valuable resource to inform future investigations of tissue-resident T. brucei. Here, we review this body of literature, which describes infections in humans, natural hosts, and experimental animal models, providing a wealth of information on the distribution and biology of extravascular parasites, the corresponding immune response in each tissue, and resulting host pathology. We discuss the implications of these studies and future questions in the study of extravascular T. brucei.
AB - AU Trypanosoma: Pleaseconfirmthatallheadinglevelsarerepresentedcorrectly brucei is a protozoan parasite that causes human : and animal African trypanosomiases (HAT and AAT). In the mammalian host, the parasite lives entirely extracellularly, in both the blood and interstitial spaces in tissues. Although most T. brucei research has focused on the biology of blood- and central nervous system (CNS)-resident parasites, a number of recent studies have highlighted parasite reservoirs in the dermis and adipose tissue, leading to a renewed interest in tissue-resident parasite populations. In light of this renewed interest, work describing tissue-resident parasites can serve as a valuable resource to inform future investigations of tissue-resident T. brucei. Here, we review this body of literature, which describes infections in humans, natural hosts, and experimental animal models, providing a wealth of information on the distribution and biology of extravascular parasites, the corresponding immune response in each tissue, and resulting host pathology. We discuss the implications of these studies and future questions in the study of extravascular T. brucei.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115233758&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85115233758&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009866
DO - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009866
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34529724
AN - SCOPUS:85115233758
SN - 1553-7366
VL - 17
JO - PLoS pathogens
JF - PLoS pathogens
IS - 9
M1 - e1009866
ER -