TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of hormones and neurons in cardiomyocyte maturation
AU - Tampakakis, Emmanouil
AU - Mahmoud, Ahmed I.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - The heart undergoes profound morphological and functional changes as it continues to mature postnatally. However, this phase of cardiac development remains understudied. More recently, cardiac maturation research has attracted a lot of interest due to the need for more mature stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for disease modeling, drug screening and heart regeneration. Additionally, neonatal heart injury models have been utilized to study heart regeneration, and factors regulating postnatal heart development have been associated with adult cardiac disease. Critical components of cardiac maturation are systemic and local biochemical cues. Specifically, cardiac innervation and the concentration of various metabolic hormones appear to increase perinatally and they have striking effects on cardiomyocytes. Here, we first report some of the key parameters of mature cardiomyocytes and then discuss the specific effects of neurons and hormonal cues on cardiomyocyte maturation. We focus primarily on the structural, electrophysiologic, metabolic, hypertrophic and hyperplastic effects of each factor. This review highlights the significance of underappreciated regulators of cardiac maturation and underscores the need for further research in this exciting field.
AB - The heart undergoes profound morphological and functional changes as it continues to mature postnatally. However, this phase of cardiac development remains understudied. More recently, cardiac maturation research has attracted a lot of interest due to the need for more mature stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for disease modeling, drug screening and heart regeneration. Additionally, neonatal heart injury models have been utilized to study heart regeneration, and factors regulating postnatal heart development have been associated with adult cardiac disease. Critical components of cardiac maturation are systemic and local biochemical cues. Specifically, cardiac innervation and the concentration of various metabolic hormones appear to increase perinatally and they have striking effects on cardiomyocytes. Here, we first report some of the key parameters of mature cardiomyocytes and then discuss the specific effects of neurons and hormonal cues on cardiomyocyte maturation. We focus primarily on the structural, electrophysiologic, metabolic, hypertrophic and hyperplastic effects of each factor. This review highlights the significance of underappreciated regulators of cardiac maturation and underscores the need for further research in this exciting field.
KW - Cardiomyocyte proliferation
KW - Heart maturation
KW - Hormonal cues
KW - Hypertrophy
KW - Neurons
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U2 - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.026
DO - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.026
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33931308
AN - SCOPUS:85111001650
SN - 1084-9521
VL - 118
SP - 136
EP - 143
JO - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
JF - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
ER -