@article{446d573d481c4a7292bd443dde174d1a,
title = "The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises",
abstract = "The current International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) definition of pain as {"}An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage{"}was recommended by the Subcommittee on Taxonomy and adopted by the IASP Council in 1979. This definition has become accepted widely by health care professionals and researchers in the pain field and adopted by several professional, governmental, and nongovernmental organizations, including the World Health Organization. In recent years, some in the field have reasoned that advances in our understanding of pain warrant a reevaluation of the definition and have proposed modifications. Therefore, in 2018, the IASP formed a 14-member, multinational Presidential Task Force comprising individuals with broad expertise in clinical and basic science related to pain, to evaluate the current definition and accompanying note and recommend whether they should be retained or changed. This review provides a synopsis of the critical concepts, the analysis of comments from the IASP membership and public, and the committee's final recommendations for revisions to the definition and notes, which were discussed over a 2-year period. The task force ultimately recommended that the definition of pain be revised to {"}An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage,{"}and that the accompanying notes be updated to a bulleted list that included the etymology. The revised definition and notes were unanimously accepted by the IASP Council early this year.",
keywords = "Definition, IASP, Revision, Task force, Taxonomy, Terminology",
author = "Raja, {Srinivasa N.} and Carr, {Daniel B.} and Milton Cohen and Finnerup, {Nanna B.} and Herta Flor and Stephen Gibson and Keefe, {Francis J.} and Mogil, {Jeffrey S.} and Matthias Ringkamp and Sluka, {Kathleen A.} and Song, {Xue Jun} and Bonnie Stevens and Sullivan, {Mark D.} and Tutelman, {Perri R.} and Takahiro Ushida and Kyle Vader",
note = "Funding Information: S.N. Raja is a consultant for Allergan, Averitas Pharma, and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, has consulted for Aptinyx Inc., Heron Therapeutics and Insys Therapeutics, and is a co-investigator in a research grant from Medtronic, Inc. He has received research grants from the National Institutes of Health. N.B. Finnerup is part of the IMI (Innovative Medicines Initiative) project PainCare, an EU public-private consortium, and the companies involved are Grunenthal, Bayer, Eli Lilly, Esteve, and Teva. N.B. Finnerup has been a consultant for Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Merck, Almirall, and NeuroPN. M. Ringkamp has received research grant funding from Merck. Dr. Sluka is a consultant for GSK Consumer Health, and Psychogenics. Dr. Song has received grant support from SUSTech (#G02416002). The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Funding Information: The task force members thank the IASP presidents, Judy Turner and Lars Arendt-Nielsen, for their continued support and encouragement. The authors thank the IASP Council members and the numerous individuals who provided feedback on the preliminary task force recommendations, including Drs. Murat Aydede and Andrew Wright, which resulted in further revisions to the definition and note. The task force also acknowledges the valuable input from Peter Singer (Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics, Princeton University), Adam Shriver (Uehiro Center for Practical Ethics, Oxford University), and Nicholas Shea (Professor, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London). The task force also thanks Dr. Llevelyn Morgan (Professor of Classical Languages and Literature, Brasenose College, University of Oxford) for his contributions on the etymology of the word pain. The task force is grateful to Mathew D'Uva (ex-CEO) and Yulanda Grant of the IASP office for their administrative support, and to Claire F. Levine, MS, ELS (scientific editor, Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University), for her assistance in editing the manuscript. Srinivasa Raja acknowledges support from National Institutes of Health, NIH-NS26363. Francis J. Keefe thanks the following National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants for financial support: NIH P30AG064201, NIH R01 AG058702, NIH UG1 CA189824, and NIH U2C NR014637. Matthias Ringkamp acknowledges support from the NIH grants R01AR070875 and R01NS097221. Dr. Sluka acknowledges the National Institutes of Health R01AR073187, U24NS112873, and UG3AR076387 for financial support. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2020 by the International Association for the Study of Pain.",
year = "2020",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001939",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "161",
pages = "1976--1982",
journal = "Pain",
issn = "0304-3959",
publisher = "Elsevier",
number = "9",
}