The relationship of fasting hyperglycemia to changes in fat and muscle mass after exercise training in type 2 diabetes

Swaytha V. Yalamanchi, Kerry J. Stewart, Nan Ji, Sherita H. Golden, Adrian Dobs, Diane M. Becker, Dhananjay Vaidya, Brian G. Kral, Rita R. Kalyani

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims Exercise training (ET) has been variably associated with body composition changes among persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The degree to which these changes are related to hyperglycemia remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the relationship of baseline fasting glucose (FG) to the magnitude of muscle gains and fat loss after ET in individuals with T2DM. Methods Participants were enrolled in the SHAPE-2 trial, a six month supervised aerobic and resistance training intervention (three days/week), at Johns Hopkins. This was a post hoc single arm intervention study of participants who completed the exercise intervention (n = 50). Participants were aged 40–65 years and had T2DM that was not treated with insulin. Body composition was assessed by DEXA. Results After 6 months of ET, total fat mass decreased (−2.1 ± 3.1 kg) and total lean body mass (LBM) increased (0.5 ± 2.0 kg) overall, but there was variability among individual participants. There was an increase in % total LBM (1.4 ± 1.9%) and decrease in % total body fat mass (−1.5 ± 2.0%) after ET. Interestingly, each standard deviation (SD) increase in baseline FG (mean = 135.5 mg/dl; SD = 39.0 mg/dl) was related to a significant increase in % total LBM (0.54 ± 0.26%, p = 0.048) and decrease in % total body fat (−0.57 ± 0.27%, p = 0.04) after ET among individual participants. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that muscle gains and fat loss after ET are positively related to baseline hyperglycemia. Further studies are needed to characterize differences in metabolic response following ET among persons with diabetes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)154-161
Number of pages8
JournalDiabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume122
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2016

Keywords

  • Diabetes
  • Exercise training
  • Lean body mass
  • Muscle function

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The relationship of fasting hyperglycemia to changes in fat and muscle mass after exercise training in type 2 diabetes'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this