TY - JOUR
T1 - The relationship between personality, season, and wounding receipt in zoo-housed Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)
T2 - A multi-institutional study
AU - Doelling, Christina R.
AU - Cronin, Katherine A.
AU - Ross, Stephen R.
AU - Hopper, Lydia M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to thank and acknowledge the eight institutions and keepers that participated in this study: Blank Park Zoo, Buffalo Zoo, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Gardens, Detroit Zoo, Lincoln Park Zoo, Milwaukee Zoo, Minnesota Zoo, and Northeastern Wisconsin Zoo. We also thank Tom Ness, Amy Tank, and Anne Kwiatt, who facilitated data collection across all institutions, and Taylor Conter, Angie Fiore, Erin Connelly, and Liz Schwerber who aided us with data entry. This study was supported by the Lincoln Park Zoo Women's Board and the American Society of Primatologists via a Small Research Grant. We also thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback on an earlier version of this article.
Funding Information:
We wish to thank and acknowledge the eight institutions and keepers that participated in this study: Blank Park Zoo, Buffalo Zoo, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Gardens, Detroit Zoo, Lincoln Park Zoo, Milwaukee Zoo, Minnesota Zoo, and Northeastern Wisconsin Zoo. We also thank Tom Ness, Amy Tank, and Anne Kwiatt, who facilitated data collection across all institutions, and Taylor Conter, Angie Fiore, Erin Connelly, and Liz Schwerber who aided us with data entry. This study was supported by the Lincoln Park Zoo Women's Board and the American Society of Primatologists via a Small Research Grant. We also thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback on an earlier version of this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - It is important to those managing Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in captive settings to understand predictors of wounding. While studies have demonstrated that season (breeding or nonbreeding) and sex predict rates of wounding received by zoo-housed Japanese macaques, we investigated whether individual differences in personality ratings also might explain some of the observed interindividual variance in wounding. Such patterns were previously observed in rhesus macaques (M. mulatta), such that individuals rated higher on Anxiety and Confidence received greater wounding. Here, we collected wounding data over 24 months on 48 Japanese macaques from eight AZA-accredited zoos. Each macaque was also rated by keepers using a 26-item personality questionnaire. Principle components analysis of these ratings revealed four personality components: Openness, Friendliness, Dominance, and Anxiety/Reactivity. The model with the best fit revealed an interaction effect between season (breeding vs. nonbreeding) and the personality component Friendliness, such that individuals rated higher on Friendliness incurred fewer wounds in the nonbreeding season. The second-best model revealed both a main effect of the season as well as an interaction effect between season and Openness, such that macaques rated higher in Openness received more wounds in the nonbreeding season than those rated lower in Openness. Thus, as with rhesus macaques, personality mediated wounding receipt rate in Japanese macaques, although different personality components explained interindividual variance in wounding for these two species. These differences likely reflect species differences in behavior and personality structure, as well as the influence of differing management practices, highlighting the importance of species-specific approaches for captive primate care and welfare. This study provides further support for understanding primate personality to create individualized strategies for their care.
AB - It is important to those managing Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in captive settings to understand predictors of wounding. While studies have demonstrated that season (breeding or nonbreeding) and sex predict rates of wounding received by zoo-housed Japanese macaques, we investigated whether individual differences in personality ratings also might explain some of the observed interindividual variance in wounding. Such patterns were previously observed in rhesus macaques (M. mulatta), such that individuals rated higher on Anxiety and Confidence received greater wounding. Here, we collected wounding data over 24 months on 48 Japanese macaques from eight AZA-accredited zoos. Each macaque was also rated by keepers using a 26-item personality questionnaire. Principle components analysis of these ratings revealed four personality components: Openness, Friendliness, Dominance, and Anxiety/Reactivity. The model with the best fit revealed an interaction effect between season (breeding vs. nonbreeding) and the personality component Friendliness, such that individuals rated higher on Friendliness incurred fewer wounds in the nonbreeding season. The second-best model revealed both a main effect of the season as well as an interaction effect between season and Openness, such that macaques rated higher in Openness received more wounds in the nonbreeding season than those rated lower in Openness. Thus, as with rhesus macaques, personality mediated wounding receipt rate in Japanese macaques, although different personality components explained interindividual variance in wounding for these two species. These differences likely reflect species differences in behavior and personality structure, as well as the influence of differing management practices, highlighting the importance of species-specific approaches for captive primate care and welfare. This study provides further support for understanding primate personality to create individualized strategies for their care.
KW - aggression
KW - captive management
KW - individual differences
KW - social buffering
KW - temperament
KW - welfare
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115263497&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85115263497&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ajp.23332
DO - 10.1002/ajp.23332
M3 - Article
C2 - 34549451
AN - SCOPUS:85115263497
SN - 0275-2565
VL - 83
JO - American journal of primatology
JF - American journal of primatology
IS - 12
M1 - e23332
ER -