The Rationale for Fetal Therapy

In 1982, a group of subspecialists in fetal medicine, pediatric surgery, pediatrics, radiology, genetics, and bioethics reported on a meeting that discussed the emerging field of ‘fetal therapy’ [1]. Their summary statement laid down the foundation and principles for the treatment of prenatally diagnosed congenital anomalies where the natural history of the disease can potentially be influenced by intervention before birth (Table 1.1). In principle, this document defines the criteria of candidate conditions for fetal therapy, the goals of fetal treatment, and the appropriate setting for where fetal therapy should be performed. Since this original publication there have been significant advances in prenatal diagnostic and prognostic assessments of the fetus, the scope of treatments, and the care settings where fetal therapy is offered that require consideration [2].