TY - JOUR
T1 - The Oxford Implementation Index
T2 - A new tool for incorporating implementation data into systematic reviews and meta-analyses
AU - Montgomery, Paul
AU - Underhill, Kristen
AU - Gardner, Frances
AU - Operario, Don
AU - Mayo-Wilson, Evan
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: We acknowledge the support of the Oxford Department of Social Policy and Intervention and the Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention. This research was supported in part by infrastructure and resources provided by the Brown University Alcohol Research Center on HIV/AIDS (NIH/NIAAA P01AA019072) and the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research (NIH/NIAID P30AI042853).
PY - 2013/8
Y1 - 2013/8
N2 - Objectives: This article presents a new tool that helps systematic reviewers to extract and compare implementation data across primary trials. Currently, systematic review guidance does not provide guidelines for the identification and extraction of data related to the implementation of the underlying interventions. Study Design and Setting: A team of systematic reviewers used a multistaged consensus development approach to develop this tool. First, a systematic literature search on the implementation and synthesis of clinical trial evidence was performed. The team then met in a series of subcommittees to develop an initial draft index. Drafts were presented at several research conferences and circulated to methodological experts in various health-related disciplines for feedback. The team systematically recorded, discussed, and incorporated all feedback into further revisions. A penultimate draft was discussed at the 2010 Cochrane-Campbell Collaboration Colloquium to finalize its content. Results: The Oxford Implementation Index provides a checklist of implementation data to extract from primary trials. Checklist items are organized into four domains: intervention design, actual delivery by trial practitioners, uptake of the intervention by participants, and contextual factors. Systematic reviewers piloting the index at the Cochrane-Campbell Colloquium reported that the index was helpful for the identification of implementation data. Conclusion: The Oxford Implementation Index provides a framework to help reviewers assess implementation data across trials. Reviewers can use this tool to identify implementation data, extract relevant information, and compare features of implementation across primary trials in a systematic review. The index is a work-in-progress, and future efforts will focus on refining the index, improving usability, and integrating the index with other guidance on systematic reviewing.
AB - Objectives: This article presents a new tool that helps systematic reviewers to extract and compare implementation data across primary trials. Currently, systematic review guidance does not provide guidelines for the identification and extraction of data related to the implementation of the underlying interventions. Study Design and Setting: A team of systematic reviewers used a multistaged consensus development approach to develop this tool. First, a systematic literature search on the implementation and synthesis of clinical trial evidence was performed. The team then met in a series of subcommittees to develop an initial draft index. Drafts were presented at several research conferences and circulated to methodological experts in various health-related disciplines for feedback. The team systematically recorded, discussed, and incorporated all feedback into further revisions. A penultimate draft was discussed at the 2010 Cochrane-Campbell Collaboration Colloquium to finalize its content. Results: The Oxford Implementation Index provides a checklist of implementation data to extract from primary trials. Checklist items are organized into four domains: intervention design, actual delivery by trial practitioners, uptake of the intervention by participants, and contextual factors. Systematic reviewers piloting the index at the Cochrane-Campbell Colloquium reported that the index was helpful for the identification of implementation data. Conclusion: The Oxford Implementation Index provides a framework to help reviewers assess implementation data across trials. Reviewers can use this tool to identify implementation data, extract relevant information, and compare features of implementation across primary trials in a systematic review. The index is a work-in-progress, and future efforts will focus on refining the index, improving usability, and integrating the index with other guidance on systematic reviewing.
KW - Generalizability
KW - Heterogeneity
KW - Implementation
KW - Randomized controlled trial
KW - Reporting guideline
KW - Systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84879823778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84879823778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.03.006
DO - 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.03.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 23810026
AN - SCOPUS:84879823778
SN - 0895-4356
VL - 66
SP - 874
EP - 882
JO - Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
JF - Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
IS - 8
ER -