The Missing COVID-19 Demographic Data: A Statewide Analysis of COVID-19–Related Demographic Data from Local Government Sources and a Comparison with Federal Public Surveillance Data

Angel Aliseda-Alonso, Sara Bertran de Lis, Adam Lee, Emily N. Pond, Beth Blauer, Lainie Rutkow, Jennifer B. Nuzzo

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Objectives. To collect and standardize COVID-19 demographic data published by local public-facing Web sites and analyze how this information differs from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) public surveillance data. Methods. We aggregated and standardized COVID-19 data on cases and deaths by age, gender, race, and ethnicity from US state and territorial governmental sources between May 24 and June 4, 2021. We describe the standardization process and compare it with the CDC’s process for public surveillance data. Results. As of June 2021, the CDC’s public demographic data set included 80.9% of total cases and 46.7% of total deaths reported by states, with significant variation across jurisdictions. Relative to state and territorial data sources, the CDC consistently underreports cases and deaths among African American and Hispanic or Latino individuals and overreports deaths among people older than 65 years and White individuals. Conclusions. Differences exist in amounts of data included and demographic composition between the CDC’s public surveillance data and state and territory reporting, with large heterogeneity across jurisdictions. A lack of standardization and reporting mechanisms limits the production of complete real-time demographic data.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1161-1169
Number of pages9
JournalAmerican journal of public health
Volume112
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2022

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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