The Microbead: A Highly Miniaturized Wirelessly Powered Implantable Neural Stimulating System

Adam Khalifa; Yasha Karimi; Qihong Wang; Sahithi Garikapati; Webert Montlouis; Milutin Stanacevic; Nitish Thakor; Ralph Etienne-Cummings

doi:10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2802443

The Microbead: A Highly Miniaturized Wirelessly Powered Implantable Neural Stimulating System

Adam Khalifa, Yasha Karimi, Qihong Wang, Sahithi Garikapati, Webert Montlouis, Milutin Stanacevic, Nitish Thakor, Ralph Etienne-Cummings

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

An implant that can electrically stimulate neurons across different depths and regions of the brain currently does not exist as it poses a number of obstacles that need to be solved. In order to address the challenges, this paper presents the concept of 'microbead,' a fully integrated wirelessly powered neural device that allows for spatially selective activation of neural tissue. The prototype chip is fabricated in 130-nm CMOS technology and currently measures 200 μm × 200 μm, which represents the smallest remotely powered stimulator to date. The system is validated experimentally in a rat by stimulating the sciatic nerve with 195-μs current pulses. To power the ultrasmall on-silicon coil, 36-dBm source power is provided to a highly optimized transmitter (Tx) coil at a coupling distance of 5 mm. In order to satisfy the strict power limit for safe use in human subjects, a pulsed powering scheme is implemented that enables a significant decrease in the average power emitted from the Tx.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	521-531
Number of pages	11
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
Volume	12
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2802443
State	Published - Jun 2018

Keywords

Miniaturization
neurostimulator
on-chip coil
specific absorption rate
wireless power transfer

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biomedical Engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2802443

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abstract = "An implant that can electrically stimulate neurons across different depths and regions of the brain currently does not exist as it poses a number of obstacles that need to be solved. In order to address the challenges, this paper presents the concept of 'microbead,' a fully integrated wirelessly powered neural device that allows for spatially selective activation of neural tissue. The prototype chip is fabricated in 130-nm CMOS technology and currently measures 200 μm × 200 μm, which represents the smallest remotely powered stimulator to date. The system is validated experimentally in a rat by stimulating the sciatic nerve with 195-μs current pulses. To power the ultrasmall on-silicon coil, 36-dBm source power is provided to a highly optimized transmitter (Tx) coil at a coupling distance of 5 mm. In order to satisfy the strict power limit for safe use in human subjects, a pulsed powering scheme is implemented that enables a significant decrease in the average power emitted from the Tx.",

keywords = "Miniaturization, neurostimulator, on-chip coil, specific absorption rate, wireless power transfer",

author = "Adam Khalifa and Yasha Karimi and Qihong Wang and Sahithi Garikapati and Webert Montlouis and Milutin Stanacevic and Nitish Thakor and Ralph Etienne-Cummings",

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AU - Karimi, Yasha

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AU - Garikapati, Sahithi

AU - Montlouis, Webert

AU - Stanacevic, Milutin

AU - Thakor, Nitish

AU - Etienne-Cummings, Ralph

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N2 - An implant that can electrically stimulate neurons across different depths and regions of the brain currently does not exist as it poses a number of obstacles that need to be solved. In order to address the challenges, this paper presents the concept of 'microbead,' a fully integrated wirelessly powered neural device that allows for spatially selective activation of neural tissue. The prototype chip is fabricated in 130-nm CMOS technology and currently measures 200 μm × 200 μm, which represents the smallest remotely powered stimulator to date. The system is validated experimentally in a rat by stimulating the sciatic nerve with 195-μs current pulses. To power the ultrasmall on-silicon coil, 36-dBm source power is provided to a highly optimized transmitter (Tx) coil at a coupling distance of 5 mm. In order to satisfy the strict power limit for safe use in human subjects, a pulsed powering scheme is implemented that enables a significant decrease in the average power emitted from the Tx.

AB - An implant that can electrically stimulate neurons across different depths and regions of the brain currently does not exist as it poses a number of obstacles that need to be solved. In order to address the challenges, this paper presents the concept of 'microbead,' a fully integrated wirelessly powered neural device that allows for spatially selective activation of neural tissue. The prototype chip is fabricated in 130-nm CMOS technology and currently measures 200 μm × 200 μm, which represents the smallest remotely powered stimulator to date. The system is validated experimentally in a rat by stimulating the sciatic nerve with 195-μs current pulses. To power the ultrasmall on-silicon coil, 36-dBm source power is provided to a highly optimized transmitter (Tx) coil at a coupling distance of 5 mm. In order to satisfy the strict power limit for safe use in human subjects, a pulsed powering scheme is implemented that enables a significant decrease in the average power emitted from the Tx.

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The Microbead: A Highly Miniaturized Wirelessly Powered Implantable Neural Stimulating System

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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