TY - JOUR
T1 - The Diabetes-Cardiovascular Connection in Women
T2 - Understanding the Known Risks, Outcomes, and Implications for Care
AU - Broni, Eric K.
AU - Ndumele, Chiadi E.
AU - Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B.
AU - Kalyani, Rita R.
AU - Bennett, Wendy L.
AU - Michos, Erin D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Purpose of Review: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications constitute about 50–70% of mortality in people with diabetes. However, there remains a persistently greater relative increase in CVD morbidity and mortality in women with diabetes than in their male counterparts. This review presents recent evidence for the risks, outcomes, and management implications for women with diabetes. Recent Findings: Compared to men, women have higher BMI and more adverse cardiovascular risk profile at time of diabetes diagnosis with greater risk for coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular dementia, and heart failure. Pregnancy-specific risk factors of gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia are associated with future type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CVD. Women with T2D may experience greater benefits than men from GLP-1 receptor agonists. Summary: Women with diabetes are at greater relative risk for CVD complications than men, with poorer outcomes, superimposed on preexisting gender disparities in social determinants of health, lower likelihood of being offered cardioprotective interventions, and enrollment in trials. Further research and the utilization of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and other CVD prevention strategies will help reduce morbidity and mortality.
AB - Purpose of Review: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications constitute about 50–70% of mortality in people with diabetes. However, there remains a persistently greater relative increase in CVD morbidity and mortality in women with diabetes than in their male counterparts. This review presents recent evidence for the risks, outcomes, and management implications for women with diabetes. Recent Findings: Compared to men, women have higher BMI and more adverse cardiovascular risk profile at time of diabetes diagnosis with greater risk for coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular dementia, and heart failure. Pregnancy-specific risk factors of gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia are associated with future type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CVD. Women with T2D may experience greater benefits than men from GLP-1 receptor agonists. Summary: Women with diabetes are at greater relative risk for CVD complications than men, with poorer outcomes, superimposed on preexisting gender disparities in social determinants of health, lower likelihood of being offered cardioprotective interventions, and enrollment in trials. Further research and the utilization of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and other CVD prevention strategies will help reduce morbidity and mortality.
KW - Cardiovascular diseases
KW - Diabetes
KW - Gestational diabetes
KW - Menopause
KW - Obesity
KW - Polycystic ovary syndrome
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U2 - 10.1007/s11892-021-01444-x
DO - 10.1007/s11892-021-01444-x
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35157237
AN - SCOPUS:85124760949
SN - 1534-4827
VL - 22
SP - 11
EP - 25
JO - Current diabetes reports
JF - Current diabetes reports
IS - 1
ER -