TG13 guidelines for diagnosis and severity grading of acute cholangitis (with videos)

Seiki Kiriyama, Tadahiro Takada, Steven M. Strasberg, Joseph S. Solomkin, Toshihiko Mayumi, Henry A. Pitt, Dirk J. Gouma, O. James Garden, Markus W. Büchler, Masamichi Yokoe, Yasutoshi Kimura, Toshio Tsuyuguchi, Takao Itoi, Masahiro Yoshida, Fumihiko Miura, Yuichi Yamashita, Kohji Okamoto, Toshifumi Gabata, Jiro Hata, Ryota HiguchiJohn A. Windsor, Philippus C. Bornman, Sheung Tat Fan, Harijt Singh, Eduardo De Santibanes, Harumi Gomi, Shinya Kusachi, Atsuhiko Murata, Xiao Ping Chen, Palepu Jagannath, Sunggyu Lee, Robert Padbury, Miin Fu Chen, Christos Dervenis, Angus C.W. Chan, Avinash N. Supe, Kui Hin Liau, Myung Hwan Kim, Sun Whe Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

167 Scopus citations

Abstract

Since the publication of the Tokyo Guidelines for the management of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis (TG07), diagnostic criteria and severity assessment criteria for acute cholangitis have been presented and extensively used as the primary standard all over the world. However, it has been found that there are crucial limitations in these criteria. The diagnostic criteria of TG07 do not have enough sensitivity and specificity, and its severity assessment criteria are unsuitable for clinical use. A working team for the revision of TG07 was organized in June, 2010, and these criteria have been updated through clinical implementation and its assessment by means of multi-center analysis. The diagnostic criteria of acute cholangitis have been revised as criteria to establish the diagnosis where cholestasis and inflammation demonstrated by clinical signs or blood test in addition to biliary manifestations demonstrated by imaging are present. The diagnostic criteria of the updated Tokyo Guidelines (TG13) have high sensitivity (87.6 %) and high specificity (77.7 %). TG13 has better diagnostic capacity than TG07. Severity assessment is classified as follows: Grade III: associated with organ failure; Grade II: early biliary drainage should be conducted; Grade1: others. As for the severity assessment criteria of TG07, separating Grade II and Grade I at the time of diagnosis was impossible, so they were unsuitable for clinical practice. Therefore, the severity assessment criteria of TG13 have been revised so as not to lose the timing of biliary drainage or treatment for etiology. Based on evidence, five predictive factors for poor prognosis in acute cholangitis - hyperbilirubinemia, high fever, leukocytosis, elderly patient and hypoalbuminemia - have been extracted. Grade II can be diagnosed if two of these five factors are present. Free full-text articles and a mobile application of TG13 are available via http://www.jshbps.jp/en/guideline/tg13.html.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)24-34
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences
Volume20
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2013
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Acute cholangitis
  • Diagnostic criteria
  • Diagnostic imaging guidelines
  • Severity assessment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Hepatology

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