TY - JOUR
T1 - Surface tension of upper airway mucosal lining liquid in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
AU - Kirkness, Jason P.
AU - Madronio, Melanie
AU - Stavrinou, Rosie
AU - Wheatley, John R.
AU - Amis, Terence C.
PY - 2005/4/1
Y1 - 2005/4/1
N2 - Study Objectives: The obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a disorder characterized by repetitive closure and reopening of the upper airway during sleep. Upper airway luminal patency is influenced by the surface tension (γ) acting within the liquid layer lining the upper airway. The aim of the present study was to examine the γ of upper airway mucosal lining liquid (UAL) in both healthy subjects and patients with OSAHS before and after sleep. Design: Measurements were performed before (PM) and after (AM) an overnight polysomnographic study. Setting: Sleep laboratory. Participants: We studied 11 healthy adults (5 men, 6 women) and 15 patients with OSAHS (14 men, 1 woman). Interventions: None. Measurements and Results: The γ of UAL ("pull-off" force technique, pooled PM and AM samples) in patients with OSAHS was increased (59.9 [53.8, 58.8] mN/m; mean [95% confidence interval]) compared with healthy subjects (56.3 [57.7, 62.1] mN/m; linear mixed effects models; P = .05). In both groups there was no significant difference between PM (56.6 [53.7, 59.5] mN/m for healthy subjects, 60.1 [57.9, 62.3] mN/m for the patients with OSAHS) and AM (56.1 [51.8, 60.4] mN/m and 59.6 [57.4, 61.8] mN/m, respectively) samples for γ of UAL and salivary flow rate (5 minutes unstimulated collection; PM = 0.53 [0.22, 0.84] mL/minute for healthy subjects, 0.38 [0.22, 0.54] mL/minute for OSAHS; AM = 0.39 [0.23, 0.55] mL/minute and 0.32 [0.2, 0.44] mL/minute). However, the occurrence of nasal breathing during sleep was associated with a fall in γ of UAL overnight (r2 = 0.15, P < .05). Conclusion: Patients with OSAHS have normal salivary flow rate but an increased γ of UAL. In both healthy subjects and OSAHS patients, nasal breathing during sleep was associated with an overnight fall in the γ of UAL.
AB - Study Objectives: The obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a disorder characterized by repetitive closure and reopening of the upper airway during sleep. Upper airway luminal patency is influenced by the surface tension (γ) acting within the liquid layer lining the upper airway. The aim of the present study was to examine the γ of upper airway mucosal lining liquid (UAL) in both healthy subjects and patients with OSAHS before and after sleep. Design: Measurements were performed before (PM) and after (AM) an overnight polysomnographic study. Setting: Sleep laboratory. Participants: We studied 11 healthy adults (5 men, 6 women) and 15 patients with OSAHS (14 men, 1 woman). Interventions: None. Measurements and Results: The γ of UAL ("pull-off" force technique, pooled PM and AM samples) in patients with OSAHS was increased (59.9 [53.8, 58.8] mN/m; mean [95% confidence interval]) compared with healthy subjects (56.3 [57.7, 62.1] mN/m; linear mixed effects models; P = .05). In both groups there was no significant difference between PM (56.6 [53.7, 59.5] mN/m for healthy subjects, 60.1 [57.9, 62.3] mN/m for the patients with OSAHS) and AM (56.1 [51.8, 60.4] mN/m and 59.6 [57.4, 61.8] mN/m, respectively) samples for γ of UAL and salivary flow rate (5 minutes unstimulated collection; PM = 0.53 [0.22, 0.84] mL/minute for healthy subjects, 0.38 [0.22, 0.54] mL/minute for OSAHS; AM = 0.39 [0.23, 0.55] mL/minute and 0.32 [0.2, 0.44] mL/minute). However, the occurrence of nasal breathing during sleep was associated with a fall in γ of UAL overnight (r2 = 0.15, P < .05). Conclusion: Patients with OSAHS have normal salivary flow rate but an increased γ of UAL. In both healthy subjects and OSAHS patients, nasal breathing during sleep was associated with an overnight fall in the γ of UAL.
KW - Obstructive sleep apnea
KW - Surface tension
KW - Upper airway mechanics
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U2 - 10.1093/sleep/28.4.457
DO - 10.1093/sleep/28.4.457
M3 - Article
C2 - 16171290
AN - SCOPUS:16844371606
SN - 0161-8105
VL - 28
SP - 457
EP - 463
JO - Sleep
JF - Sleep
IS - 4
ER -