Subcellular characteristics of functional intracellular renin-angiotensin systems

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is now regarded as an integral component in not only the development of hypertension, but also in physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms in multiple tissues and chronic disease states. While many of the endocrine (circulating), paracrine (cell-to-different cell) and autacrine (cell-to-same cell) effects of the RAS are believed to be mediated through the canonical extracellular RAS, a complete, independent and differentially regulated intracellular RAS (iRAS) has also been proposed. Angiotensinogen, the enzymes renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the angiotensin peptides can all be synthesized and retained intracellularly. Angiotensin receptors (types I and 2) are also abundant intracellularly mainly at the nuclear and mitochondrial levels. The aim of this review is to focus on the most recent information concerning the subcellular localization, distribution and functions of the iRAS and to discuss the potential consequences of activation of the subcellular RAS on different organ systems.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)437-445
Number of pages9
JournalPeptides
Volume38
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2012

Keywords

  • Angiotensin peptides
  • Angiotensin receptors
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Hypertension
  • Intracellular
  • Renin-angiotensin system

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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