TY - JOUR
T1 - Six-month effects of modified Atkins diet implementation on indices of cardiovascular disease risk in adults with epilepsy
AU - McDonald, Tanya J.W.
AU - Diaz-Arias, Luisa
AU - Vizthum, Diane
AU - Henry-Barron, Bobbie J.
AU - Schlechter, Haley
AU - Kossoff, Eric H.
AU - Cervenka, Mackenzie C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background/Aims: Ketogenic diet therapies (KDTs) offer a needed therapeutic option for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The current study investigated biochemical and anthropometric indices of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adults with epilepsy treated with KDT over 6 months. Method: 65 adults with epilepsy naïve to diet therapy were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study and instructed on modified Atkins diet (MAD) use. Seizure frequency, anthropometric measures, blood levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A1 and B, and lipoprotein sub-fractions were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results: Subsequent to study enrollment, 34 participants were lost to follow-up, elected not to start, or stopped MAD prior to study completion, leaving a total of 31 participants in the study at 6 months. Compared to baseline, participants on MAD showed significant reductions in median seizure frequency/week, weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, and percent body fat at 3 and 6 months. Compared to baseline, participants on MAD for 3 months showed significantly increased levels of total, small and medium LDL particles, ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio. At 6 months, only small LDL particles and ApoB levels remained elevated and levels of ApoA1 had risen, suggesting possible compensatory adaptation over time. Conclusions: This study provides evidence demonstrating the efficacy and cardiovascular safety of 6 months of MAD use by adults with epilepsy. It also highlights an index of CVD risk–small LDL particles - that should be closely monitored. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02694094.
AB - Background/Aims: Ketogenic diet therapies (KDTs) offer a needed therapeutic option for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The current study investigated biochemical and anthropometric indices of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adults with epilepsy treated with KDT over 6 months. Method: 65 adults with epilepsy naïve to diet therapy were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study and instructed on modified Atkins diet (MAD) use. Seizure frequency, anthropometric measures, blood levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A1 and B, and lipoprotein sub-fractions were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results: Subsequent to study enrollment, 34 participants were lost to follow-up, elected not to start, or stopped MAD prior to study completion, leaving a total of 31 participants in the study at 6 months. Compared to baseline, participants on MAD showed significant reductions in median seizure frequency/week, weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, and percent body fat at 3 and 6 months. Compared to baseline, participants on MAD for 3 months showed significantly increased levels of total, small and medium LDL particles, ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio. At 6 months, only small LDL particles and ApoB levels remained elevated and levels of ApoA1 had risen, suggesting possible compensatory adaptation over time. Conclusions: This study provides evidence demonstrating the efficacy and cardiovascular safety of 6 months of MAD use by adults with epilepsy. It also highlights an index of CVD risk–small LDL particles - that should be closely monitored. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02694094.
KW - Epilepsy
KW - ketogenic
KW - lipids
KW - low-density-lipoprotein
KW - modified Atkins diet
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U2 - 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1875301
DO - 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1875301
M3 - Article
C2 - 33487129
AN - SCOPUS:85099988816
SN - 1028-415X
VL - 25
SP - 1548
EP - 1557
JO - Nutritional Neuroscience
JF - Nutritional Neuroscience
IS - 7
ER -