Seasonal concentrations and determinants of indoor particulate matter in a low-income community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Emily S. Gurley; Henrik Salje; Nusrat Homaira; Pavani K. Ram; Rashidul Haque; William A. Petri; Joseph Bresee; William J. Moss; Stephen P. Luby; Patrick Breysse; Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.004

Seasonal concentrations and determinants of indoor particulate matter in a low-income community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Emily S. Gurley, Henrik Salje, Nusrat Homaira, Pavani K. Ram, Rashidul Haque, William A. Petri, Joseph Bresee, William J. Moss, Stephen P. Luby, Patrick Breysse, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner

Bloomberg School of Public Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of acute lower respiratory tract infections, which are the leading cause of death in young children in Bangladesh. Few studies, however, have measured children's exposures to indoor PM over time. The World Health Organization recommends that daily indoor concentrations of PM less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM_2.5) not exceed 25μg/m³. This study aimed to describe the seasonal variation and determinants of concentrations of indoor PM_2.5 in a low-income community in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. PM_2.5 was measured in homes monthly during May 2009 to April 2010. We calculated the time-weighted average, 90th percentile PM_2.5 concentrations and the daily hours PM_2.5 exceeded 100μg/m³. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between fuel use, ventilation, indoor smoking, and season to each metric describing indoor PM_2.5 concentrations. Time-weighted average PM_2.5 concentrations were 190μg/m³ (95% CI 170-210). Sixteen percent of 258 households primarily used biomass fuels for cooking and PM_2.5 concentrations in these homes had average concentrations 75μg/m³ (95% CI 56-124) greater than other homes. PM_2.5 concentrations were also associated with burning both biomass and kerosene, indoor smoking, and ventilation, and were more than twice as high during winter than during other seasons. Young children in this community are exposed to indoor PM_2.5 concentrations 7 times greater than those recommended by World Health Organization guidelines. Interventions to reduce biomass burning could result in a daily reduction of 75μg/m³ (40%) in time-weighted average PM_2.5 concentrations.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	11-16
Number of pages	6
Journal	Environmental research
Volume	121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.004
State	Published - Feb 2013

Keywords

Bangladesh
Biomass
Indoor air
Particulate matter
Urban health

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biochemistry
Environmental Science(all)

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10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.004

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@article{7a361a54801e45f29bf7827f2cb44351,

title = "Seasonal concentrations and determinants of indoor particulate matter in a low-income community in Dhaka, Bangladesh",

abstract = "Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of acute lower respiratory tract infections, which are the leading cause of death in young children in Bangladesh. Few studies, however, have measured children's exposures to indoor PM over time. The World Health Organization recommends that daily indoor concentrations of PM less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) not exceed 25μg/m3. This study aimed to describe the seasonal variation and determinants of concentrations of indoor PM2.5 in a low-income community in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. PM2.5 was measured in homes monthly during May 2009 to April 2010. We calculated the time-weighted average, 90th percentile PM2.5 concentrations and the daily hours PM2.5 exceeded 100μg/m3. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between fuel use, ventilation, indoor smoking, and season to each metric describing indoor PM2.5 concentrations. Time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations were 190μg/m3 (95% CI 170-210). Sixteen percent of 258 households primarily used biomass fuels for cooking and PM2.5 concentrations in these homes had average concentrations 75μg/m3 (95% CI 56-124) greater than other homes. PM2.5 concentrations were also associated with burning both biomass and kerosene, indoor smoking, and ventilation, and were more than twice as high during winter than during other seasons. Young children in this community are exposed to indoor PM2.5 concentrations 7 times greater than those recommended by World Health Organization guidelines. Interventions to reduce biomass burning could result in a daily reduction of 75μg/m3 (40%) in time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations.",

keywords = "Bangladesh, Biomass, Indoor air, Particulate matter, Urban health",

author = "Gurley, {Emily S.} and Henrik Salje and Nusrat Homaira and Ram, {Pavani K.} and Rashidul Haque and Petri, {William A.} and Joseph Bresee and Moss, {William J.} and Luby, {Stephen P.} and Patrick Breysse and Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Grant no. U01/CI000628-02 and the National Institutes of Health, USA (NIH) , Grant no. 5R01 AI043596 . icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC and NIH to its research efforts. The authors wish to thank the children and their families for their participation in this cohort. We appreciated the statistical assistance of Jaynal Abedin and Yushuf Sharker.",

year = "2013",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.004",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "121",

pages = "11--16",

journal = "Environmental research",

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publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",

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T1 - Seasonal concentrations and determinants of indoor particulate matter in a low-income community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

AU - Gurley, Emily S.

AU - Salje, Henrik

AU - Homaira, Nusrat

AU - Ram, Pavani K.

AU - Haque, Rashidul

AU - Petri, William A.

AU - Bresee, Joseph

AU - Moss, William J.

AU - Luby, Stephen P.

AU - Breysse, Patrick

AU - Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Grant no. U01/CI000628-02 and the National Institutes of Health, USA (NIH) , Grant no. 5R01 AI043596 . icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC and NIH to its research efforts. The authors wish to thank the children and their families for their participation in this cohort. We appreciated the statistical assistance of Jaynal Abedin and Yushuf Sharker.

PY - 2013/2

Y1 - 2013/2

N2 - Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of acute lower respiratory tract infections, which are the leading cause of death in young children in Bangladesh. Few studies, however, have measured children's exposures to indoor PM over time. The World Health Organization recommends that daily indoor concentrations of PM less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) not exceed 25μg/m3. This study aimed to describe the seasonal variation and determinants of concentrations of indoor PM2.5 in a low-income community in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. PM2.5 was measured in homes monthly during May 2009 to April 2010. We calculated the time-weighted average, 90th percentile PM2.5 concentrations and the daily hours PM2.5 exceeded 100μg/m3. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between fuel use, ventilation, indoor smoking, and season to each metric describing indoor PM2.5 concentrations. Time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations were 190μg/m3 (95% CI 170-210). Sixteen percent of 258 households primarily used biomass fuels for cooking and PM2.5 concentrations in these homes had average concentrations 75μg/m3 (95% CI 56-124) greater than other homes. PM2.5 concentrations were also associated with burning both biomass and kerosene, indoor smoking, and ventilation, and were more than twice as high during winter than during other seasons. Young children in this community are exposed to indoor PM2.5 concentrations 7 times greater than those recommended by World Health Organization guidelines. Interventions to reduce biomass burning could result in a daily reduction of 75μg/m3 (40%) in time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations.

AB - Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of acute lower respiratory tract infections, which are the leading cause of death in young children in Bangladesh. Few studies, however, have measured children's exposures to indoor PM over time. The World Health Organization recommends that daily indoor concentrations of PM less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) not exceed 25μg/m3. This study aimed to describe the seasonal variation and determinants of concentrations of indoor PM2.5 in a low-income community in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. PM2.5 was measured in homes monthly during May 2009 to April 2010. We calculated the time-weighted average, 90th percentile PM2.5 concentrations and the daily hours PM2.5 exceeded 100μg/m3. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between fuel use, ventilation, indoor smoking, and season to each metric describing indoor PM2.5 concentrations. Time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations were 190μg/m3 (95% CI 170-210). Sixteen percent of 258 households primarily used biomass fuels for cooking and PM2.5 concentrations in these homes had average concentrations 75μg/m3 (95% CI 56-124) greater than other homes. PM2.5 concentrations were also associated with burning both biomass and kerosene, indoor smoking, and ventilation, and were more than twice as high during winter than during other seasons. Young children in this community are exposed to indoor PM2.5 concentrations 7 times greater than those recommended by World Health Organization guidelines. Interventions to reduce biomass burning could result in a daily reduction of 75μg/m3 (40%) in time-weighted average PM2.5 concentrations.

KW - Bangladesh

KW - Biomass

KW - Indoor air

KW - Particulate matter

KW - Urban health

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SN - 0013-9351

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JO - Environmental research

JF - Environmental research

ER -

Seasonal concentrations and determinants of indoor particulate matter in a low-income community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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