Scanning electron microscopy of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine crystals and stones

P. Winter, A. Hesse, K. Klocke, R. M. Schaefer, H. Iwata, D. B. Leusmann, S. R. Khan, A. Rogers

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

The lack of purine salvage enzyme, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT), leads to 2,8-dihydroxyadenine stone formation and/or crystalluria because it is insoluble in urine. Urolithiasis composed of 2,8- dihydroxyadenine is not only formed in a complete defect of APRT, but also in a partial deficiency of this enzyme. The defect is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, the homozygous state is associated with high urinary levels of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine and with crystalluria, calculus formation, and potential nephrotoxicity. Determination of the APRT activity will facilitate quantification of the enzyme deficiency and elucidation of the hereditary history. 2,8-dihydroxyadenine excretion in the 24-hour urine and its circadian rhythm were determined using a new method of high performance liquid chromatography determination. By means of a standard case presentation, we illustrate the analysis of urinary sediments and calculi as well as the scanning electron microscopic images of this kind of stone.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1075-1080
Number of pages6
JournalScanning Microscopy
Volume7
Issue number3
StatePublished - Sep 1993
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine
  • scanning electron microscopy
  • stone analysis
  • urinary sediment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Instrumentation

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