@article{28753d1d75b74c1b9b7acb69f4bb2b67,
title = "Review of cardiovascular effects of ADHD medications",
abstract = "The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among adults is approximately 4.4%, and more than 1.5 million Americans are prescribed stimulants for the treatment of ADHD. Stimulants (such as methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds), along with the nonstimulant atomoxetine, are widely prescribed for ADHD, and more Americans are continuing to use these medications throughout their adult lives. Given the action of these drugs on the cardiovascular system, health care professionals have asked whether chronic use of these substances substantively increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). A comprehensive body of research suggests that this may not be the case. All adult patients should be monitored for changes in blood pressure and pulse during treatment with ADHD medications; furthermore, people at risk for CVD or with existing CVD should be evaluated at baseline in conjunction with appropriate medical personnel, and ongoing treatment should be collaborative with such medical colleagues.",
author = "Levin, {Charles J.} and Goodman, {David W.} and Adler, {Lenard A.}",
note = "Funding Information: David W. Goodman discloses the following relevant relationships: consultant for Shire, Sunovion, Thomson Reuters, GuidePoint Global, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Ironshore Pharmaceuticals, Neos Therapeutics, Rhodes Pharmaceuticals, NLS Pharma, National Football League, Healthequity Corporation, Consumer Reports, Neuroscience Education Institute, American Professional Society for ADHD and Related Disorders; honoraria from WebMD, Medscape, American Professional Society of ADHD and Related Disorders, Neuroscience Education Institute, Children and Adults with ADHD Association, Global Academy for Medical Education, Global Medical Education; and owning shares of Kempharm. Lenard A. Adler has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships: research grants paid to NYU on Dr. Adler{\textquoteright}s behalf from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Enzymotec, Purdue Pharma; personal fees for consulting or advisory boards from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Enzymotec, Shire Pharmaceuticals, the National Football League, Major League Baseball, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Alcobra Pharmaceuticals; and royalty fees from NYU School of Medicine for license of Adult ADHD rating scales and training materials. The remaining author has no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} SLACK Incorporated.",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
doi = "10.3928/00485713-20180612-01",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "48",
pages = "323--327",
journal = "Psychiatric Annals",
issn = "0048-5713",
publisher = "Slack Incorporated",
number = "7",
}