TY - JOUR
T1 - Reorganization of actin filaments enhances chondrogenic differentiation of cells derived from murine embryonic stem cells
AU - Zhang, Zijun
AU - Messana, Joseph
AU - Hwang, Nathaniel S.H.
AU - Elisseeff, Jennifer H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is funded by grants from Whitaker Foundation and Arthritis Foundation.
PY - 2006/9/22
Y1 - 2006/9/22
N2 - Differentiation of embryonic stem cells is of great interest to developmental biology and regenerative medicine. This study investigated the effects of cytochalasin D (CD) on the distribution of actin filaments in mouse embryoid body (EB)-derived cells. Furthermore, CD was applied to chondrogenic medium to examine its chondrogenic effect. CD at a concentration of 1 μg/ml disrupted stress fibers in EB-derived cells. Actin filaments in treated cells reorganized into a peripheral pattern, and type II collagen was detected by immunocytochemistry. The expression of type II collagen, Sox9, and at a later time point, aggrecan was up-regulated after CD treatment. In the CD-treated cells, Oct4 and Sox2, representing undifferentiation, were down-regulated as well as Sox1, AFP, and CTN-1, representing ectoderm, endoderm, and cardiogenesis, respectively. In conclusion, CD treatment enhances chondrogenesis of EB-derived cells. Moreover, it promotes a more complete stem cell differentiation toward chondrogenesis, when cultured in chondrogenic medium.
AB - Differentiation of embryonic stem cells is of great interest to developmental biology and regenerative medicine. This study investigated the effects of cytochalasin D (CD) on the distribution of actin filaments in mouse embryoid body (EB)-derived cells. Furthermore, CD was applied to chondrogenic medium to examine its chondrogenic effect. CD at a concentration of 1 μg/ml disrupted stress fibers in EB-derived cells. Actin filaments in treated cells reorganized into a peripheral pattern, and type II collagen was detected by immunocytochemistry. The expression of type II collagen, Sox9, and at a later time point, aggrecan was up-regulated after CD treatment. In the CD-treated cells, Oct4 and Sox2, representing undifferentiation, were down-regulated as well as Sox1, AFP, and CTN-1, representing ectoderm, endoderm, and cardiogenesis, respectively. In conclusion, CD treatment enhances chondrogenesis of EB-derived cells. Moreover, it promotes a more complete stem cell differentiation toward chondrogenesis, when cultured in chondrogenic medium.
KW - Actin
KW - Chondrogenesis
KW - Cytoskeleton
KW - Differentiation
KW - Embryonic stem cells
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.073
DO - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.073
M3 - Article
C2 - 16887096
AN - SCOPUS:33747124729
SN - 0006-291X
VL - 348
SP - 421
EP - 427
JO - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
JF - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
IS - 2
ER -