@inbook{24dacfcd2ce0491b84c09ad0ee182bee,
title = "Renal ph imaging using chemical exchange saturation transfer (cest) mri: Basic concept",
abstract = "Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been actively explored in the last several decades for assessing renal function by providing several physiological information, including glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, tissue oxygenation and water diffusion. Within MRI, the developing field of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) has potential to provide further functional information for diagnosing kidney diseases. Both endogenous produced molecules as well as exogenously administered CEST agents have been exploited for providing functional information related to kidney diseases in preclinical studies. In particular, CEST MRI has been exploited for assessing the acid-base homeostasis in the kidney and for monitoring pH changes in several disease models. This review summarizes several CEST MRI procedures for assessing kidney functionality and pH, for monitoring renal pH changes in different kidney injury models and for evaluating renal allograft rejection. This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.",
keywords = "Acute kidney injury, Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), Iopamidol, Ischemia–reperfusion injury, Kidney, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Mice, Rats, Renal damage, pH",
author = "Longo, {Dario Livio} and Pietro Irrera and Lorena Consolino and Sun, {Phillip Zhe} and McMahon, {Michael T.}",
note = "Funding Information: The Italian Ministry for Education and Research (MIUR) is gratefully acknowledged for yearly FOE funding to the EuroBioImaging Multi-Modal Molecular Imaging Italian Node (MMMI). This chapter is based upon work from COST Action PARENCHIMA, supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). COST (www.cost.eu) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. COST Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to enrich their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career, and innovation. PARENCHIMA (renalmri.org) is a community-driven Action in the COST program of the European Union, which unites more than 200 experts in renal MRI from 30 countries with the aim to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. Funding Information: This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021.",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_14",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
publisher = "Humana Press Inc.",
pages = "241--256",
booktitle = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
}