TY - JOUR
T1 - Relation between playing position and coronary artery calcium scores in retired national football league players
AU - Basra, Sukhdeep Singh
AU - Pokharel, Yashashwi
AU - Hira, Ravi S.
AU - Bandeali, Salman J.
AU - Nambi, Vijay
AU - Deswal, Anita
AU - Nasir, Khurram
AU - Martin, Seth S.
AU - Vogel, Robert A.
AU - Roberts, Arthur J.
AU - Ballantyne, Christie M.
AU - Virani, Salim S.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Nambi: Supported by an NIH Career Development Award. Dr. Vogel: Co-chair of the NFL subcommittee on cardiovascular health. Dr. Roberts: None. Dr. Roberts is the founder and director of LHF, which is funded by National Football Player Care Foundation, and National Football Players Association. Dr. Ballantyne: Grant/Research support-all significant (all paid to institution, not individual): Abbott, Amarin, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi-Synthelabo, NIH, AHA. Consultant-Abbott, Aegerion, Amarin, Amgen, Cerenis, Esperion, Genzyme, Kowa, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Resverlogix, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi-Synthelabo. Both Merck and Pfizer are significant, others moderate for consultant. Significant where noted (>10,000); remainder modest (<10,000). Speakers Bureau- Abbott. Dr. Virani: Supported by a Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Career Development Award. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Retired National Football League (NFL) linemen have an increased prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerosis and have an increased risk of cardiovascular death compared with nonlinemen and the general population. We evaluated whether playing in lineman position is independently associated with an increased risk of the presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis. Players were categorized as linemen if they reported playing on the offensive or defensive line during their careers. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary artery calcium(CAC) scores in 931 retired NFL players (310 linemen, 621 nonlinemen). CAC scores were evaluated for absence of subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC=0), presence of mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100), and moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC ≥100).We performed multivariate logistic regression to determine whether the lineman position is independently associated with the presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis. Linemen were noted to have a lesser likelihood of absence of subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC = 0, 33.8% vs 41.7%, p = 0.02), a similar likelihood of mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100, 33.2% vs 31.8%, p=0.7), and a greater likelihood of moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC >100, 32.9% vs 26.4%, p = 0.04) compared with nonlinemen. Adjusting for demographic and metabolic covariates, lineman status remained independently associated with mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100, odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05 to 2.2, p = 0.04) and moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC ≥100, OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.2). The association was attenuated after adjustment for race (CAC 1 to 100, OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.8; CAC > 100, OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.49). In conclusion, lineman status in retired NFL players is associated with presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis, which is partly explained by race.
AB - Retired National Football League (NFL) linemen have an increased prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerosis and have an increased risk of cardiovascular death compared with nonlinemen and the general population. We evaluated whether playing in lineman position is independently associated with an increased risk of the presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis. Players were categorized as linemen if they reported playing on the offensive or defensive line during their careers. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary artery calcium(CAC) scores in 931 retired NFL players (310 linemen, 621 nonlinemen). CAC scores were evaluated for absence of subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC=0), presence of mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100), and moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC ≥100).We performed multivariate logistic regression to determine whether the lineman position is independently associated with the presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis. Linemen were noted to have a lesser likelihood of absence of subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC = 0, 33.8% vs 41.7%, p = 0.02), a similar likelihood of mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100, 33.2% vs 31.8%, p=0.7), and a greater likelihood of moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC >100, 32.9% vs 26.4%, p = 0.04) compared with nonlinemen. Adjusting for demographic and metabolic covariates, lineman status remained independently associated with mild subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC 1 to 100, odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05 to 2.2, p = 0.04) and moderate to severe subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC ≥100, OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.2). The association was attenuated after adjustment for race (CAC 1 to 100, OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.8; CAC > 100, OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.49). In conclusion, lineman status in retired NFL players is associated with presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis, which is partly explained by race.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.021
DO - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 25432152
AN - SCOPUS:84964304847
SN - 0002-9149
VL - 114
SP - 1836
EP - 1840
JO - American Journal of Cardiology
JF - American Journal of Cardiology
IS - 12
ER -