Regulating the proinflammatory response to composite biomaterials by targeting immunometabolism

Chima V. Maduka, Ashley V. Makela, Anthony Tundo, Evran Ural, Katlin B. Stivers, Maxwell M. Kuhnert, Mohammed Alhaj, Ehsanul Hoque Apu, Nureddin Ashammakhi, Kurt D. Hankenson, Ramani Narayan, Jennifer H. Elisseeff, Christopher H. Contag

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Composite biomaterials comprising polylactide (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are applied in bone, cartilage and dental regenerative medicine, where HA confers osteoconductive properties. However, after surgical implantation, adverse immune responses to these composites can occur, which have been attributed to size and morphology of HA particles. Approaches to effectively modulate these adverse immune responses have not been described. PLA degradation products have been shown to alter immune cell metabolism (immunometabolism), which drives the inflammatory response. Accordingly, to modulate the inflammatory response to composite biomaterials, inhibitors were incorporated into composites comprised of amorphous PLA (aPLA) and HA (aPLA + HA) to regulate glycolytic flux. Inhibition at specific steps in glycolysis reduced proinflammatory (CD86+CD206-) and increased pro-regenerative (CD206+) immune cell populations around implanted aPLA + HA. Notably, neutrophil and dendritic cell (DC) numbers along with proinflammatory monocyte and macrophage populations were decreased, and Arginase 1 expression among DCs was increased. Targeting immunometabolism to control the proinflammatory response to biomaterial composites, thereby creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment, is a significant advance in tissue engineering where immunomodulation enhances osseointegration and angiogenesis, which could lead to improved bone regeneration.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)64-73
Number of pages10
JournalBioactive Materials
Volume40
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2024

Keywords

  • Hydroxyapatite
  • Immunometabolism
  • Inflammation
  • Polylactide
  • Regenerative medicine

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biomaterials
  • Biomedical Engineering

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