Prognostic factors in breast cancer: Current and new predictors of metastasis

Daniel F. Hayes, Claudine Isaacs, Vered Stearns

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

178 Scopus citations

Abstract

Decisions regarding the use of adjuvant therapy for breast cancer are strongly influenced by the risk of disease recurrence and death. These risks are now determined by examining the currently recognized breast cancer prognostic factors, including clinical stage, axillary nodal status, tumor size and grade, hormone receptor status, and presence of lymphovascular involvement. Newer factors are being evaluated in an attempt to more precisely define disease-related prognosis. This paper provides an overview of issues that need to be considered when analyzing studies of prognostic factors as well as a review of the currently recognized and the newer candidate prognostic factors.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)375-392
Number of pages18
JournalJournal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
Volume6
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2001
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Adjuvant systemic therapy
  • Breast cancer
  • Prognostic factors
  • Tumor marker utility grading system

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

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