TY - JOUR
T1 - Primary open-angle glaucoma
AU - Weinreb, Robert N.
AU - Leung, Christopher K.S.
AU - Crowston, Jonathan G.
AU - Medeiros, Felipe A.
AU - Friedman, David S.
AU - Wiggs, Janey L.
AU - Martin, Keith R.
N1 - Funding Information:
RNW is a consultant for Pfizer, Allergan, and Alcon and receives research support from Zeiss-Meditec, Talia, Laser Diagnostic Technologies, Heidelberg Engineering, and Accumap. PTK receives research funding from Cambridge Antibody Technology.
Funding Information:
RNW is or has been funded by the US National Eye Institute (EY05990 and EY11158) and the Physician-Scientist Award from Research to Prevent Blindness (New York). PTK is funded by the UK Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, Moorfields Trustees, the Eranda Trust, the Hayman Trust, the Helen Hamlyn Trust (in memory of Paul Hamlyn), and the Michael and Use Katz Foundation. These sponsors had no role in the preparation of the manuscript, other than funding the authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/9/22
Y1 - 2016/9/22
N2 - Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve, leading to visual impairment. Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, but typically remains asymptomatic until very severe. Open-angle glaucoma comprises the majority of cases in the United States and western Europe, of which, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type. By contrast, in China and other Asian countries, angle-closure glaucoma is highly prevalent. These two types of glaucoma are characterized based on the anatomic configuration of the aqueous humour outflow pathway. The pathophysiology of POAG is not well understood, but it is an optic neuropathy that is thought to be associated with intraocular pressure (IOP)-related damage to the optic nerve head and resultant loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). POAG is generally diagnosed during routine eye examination, which includes fundoscopic evaluation and visual field assessment (using perimetry). An increase in IOP, measured by tonometry, is not essential for diagnosis. Management of POAG includes topical drug therapies and surgery to reduce IOP, although new therapies targeting neuroprotection of RGCs and axonal regeneration are under development.
AB - Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve, leading to visual impairment. Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, but typically remains asymptomatic until very severe. Open-angle glaucoma comprises the majority of cases in the United States and western Europe, of which, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type. By contrast, in China and other Asian countries, angle-closure glaucoma is highly prevalent. These two types of glaucoma are characterized based on the anatomic configuration of the aqueous humour outflow pathway. The pathophysiology of POAG is not well understood, but it is an optic neuropathy that is thought to be associated with intraocular pressure (IOP)-related damage to the optic nerve head and resultant loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). POAG is generally diagnosed during routine eye examination, which includes fundoscopic evaluation and visual field assessment (using perimetry). An increase in IOP, measured by tonometry, is not essential for diagnosis. Management of POAG includes topical drug therapies and surgery to reduce IOP, although new therapies targeting neuroprotection of RGCs and axonal regeneration are under development.
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U2 - 10.1038/nrdp.2016.67
DO - 10.1038/nrdp.2016.67
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84988880031
SN - 2056-676X
VL - 2
JO - Nature Reviews Disease Primers
JF - Nature Reviews Disease Primers
M1 - 16067
ER -