@article{746f7bacd38c420e9d89eeb5ee7409fd,
title = "Preoperative preparation",
author = "Fleisher, {Lee A.} and Barash, {Paul G.}",
note = "Funding Information: This was an era of great medical and scientific discoveries, and physicians became more dependent on hospital services. With new technology, the nursing care of patients became more complex. A study, which was conducted for the National Nursing Council in 1948, was funded by the Russell Sage Foundation. The resulting “Brown Report” focused on the need for educational programs with two types of p r e p a r a t i ~ n .T~he first type should provide a foundation in health, behavior, and culture. The second type should relate to technical skills, and the report cautioned that these skills must be broader than those taught at hospital training schools. Esther Lucille Brown, PhD, who was a social anthropologist, believed that institutions of higher learning could provide this preparation. Although the Brown Report caused a reexamination of beliefs and attitudes regarding nursing education, many of its recommendations were not im~lemented.~~ The journal Nursing Research was first published in 1952, the same year that the first nursing associate degree programs were introduced. The passage of the Federal Nurse Traineeship Act in 1956 opened the door for advanced education for nurses.37 There was an increased emphasis on the individual needs of patients, and patient teaching finally became part of preoperative preparation. Copyright: Copyright 2005 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "1997",
month = oct,
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
pages = "525--535",
journal = "Problems in Anesthesia",
issn = "0889-4698",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd.",
number = "4",
}