TY - JOUR
T1 - Preemployment drug screening at the Johns Hopkins hospital, 1989 and 1991
AU - Lange, W. Robert
AU - Cabanilla, B. Rodrigo
AU - Moler, Gerri
AU - Bernacki, Edward J.
AU - Frankenfield, Diane L.
AU - Fudala, Paul J.
PY - 1994
Y1 - 1994
N2 - During identical 2-month periods in 1989 and 1991, all applicants for employment at a major teaching hospital participated in preemployment drug screening. In 1989, before establishment of a formal preemployment testing program, screening was conducted without identifying information. Of 593 applicants screened, 64 (10.8% were confirmed positive for one or more drugs. Marijuana metabolites were detected with the greatest frequency (35 samples, 55% of positive screens), followed by cocaine (36% then opiates (28% In 1991, after a formal preemployment testing program was in place, 365 applicants were screened, and 21 (5.8% were confirmed positive. Opiates were most often detected (48% of positive screens), followed by cocaine (38% then marijuana metabolites (28% During both periods, positive urine screens were associated with ethnicity (non-White) and occupational category (blue-collar). Whereas in 1989 positive screens were associated with male gender, in 1991, females were more likely to test positive. The decline in prevalence following implementation of a screening program supports the notion that preemployment testing can serve as a deterrent for drug-using persons in applying for employment.
AB - During identical 2-month periods in 1989 and 1991, all applicants for employment at a major teaching hospital participated in preemployment drug screening. In 1989, before establishment of a formal preemployment testing program, screening was conducted without identifying information. Of 593 applicants screened, 64 (10.8% were confirmed positive for one or more drugs. Marijuana metabolites were detected with the greatest frequency (35 samples, 55% of positive screens), followed by cocaine (36% then opiates (28% In 1991, after a formal preemployment testing program was in place, 365 applicants were screened, and 21 (5.8% were confirmed positive. Opiates were most often detected (48% of positive screens), followed by cocaine (38% then marijuana metabolites (28% During both periods, positive urine screens were associated with ethnicity (non-White) and occupational category (blue-collar). Whereas in 1989 positive screens were associated with male gender, in 1991, females were more likely to test positive. The decline in prevalence following implementation of a screening program supports the notion that preemployment testing can serve as a deterrent for drug-using persons in applying for employment.
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U2 - 10.3109/00952999409084055
DO - 10.3109/00952999409084055
M3 - Article
C2 - 8192133
AN - SCOPUS:0028209269
SN - 0095-2990
VL - 20
SP - 35
EP - 46
JO - American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
JF - American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
IS - 1
ER -