TY - JOUR
T1 - Postpartum depression in india
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash
AU - Chowdhury, Ranadip
AU - Salehi, Aslyeh
AU - Sarkar, Kaushik
AU - Singh, Sunil Kumar
AU - Sinha, Bireshwar
AU - Pawar, Aditya
AU - Rajalakshmi, Aarya Krishnan
AU - Kumar, Amardeep
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© World Health Organization. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/10
Y1 - 2017/10
N2 - Objective To provide an estimate of the burden of postpartum depression in Indian mothers and investigate some risk factors for the condition. Methods We searched PubMed®, Google Scholar and Embase® databases for articles published from year 2000 up to 31 March 2016 on the prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. The search used subject headings and keywords with no language restrictions. Quality was assessed via the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. We performed the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression was done for heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to assess publication bias. Findings Thirty-eight studies involving 20 043 women were analysed. Studies had a high degree of heterogeneity (l2 = 96.8%) and there was evidence of publication bias (Egger bias = 2.58; 95% confidence interval, Cl: 0.83–4.33). The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of postpartum depression was 22% (95% Cl: 19–25). The pooled prevalence was 19% (95% Cl: 17–22) when excluding 8 studies reporting postpartum depression within 2 weeks of delivery. Small, but non-significant differences in pooled prevalence were found by mother’s age, geographical location and study setting. Reported risk factors for postpartum depression included financial difficulties, presence of domestic violence, past history of psychiatric illness in mother, marital conflict, lack of support from husband and birth of a female baby. Conclusion The review shows a high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. More resources need to be allocated for capacity-building in maternal mental health care in India.
AB - Objective To provide an estimate of the burden of postpartum depression in Indian mothers and investigate some risk factors for the condition. Methods We searched PubMed®, Google Scholar and Embase® databases for articles published from year 2000 up to 31 March 2016 on the prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. The search used subject headings and keywords with no language restrictions. Quality was assessed via the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. We performed the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression was done for heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to assess publication bias. Findings Thirty-eight studies involving 20 043 women were analysed. Studies had a high degree of heterogeneity (l2 = 96.8%) and there was evidence of publication bias (Egger bias = 2.58; 95% confidence interval, Cl: 0.83–4.33). The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of postpartum depression was 22% (95% Cl: 19–25). The pooled prevalence was 19% (95% Cl: 17–22) when excluding 8 studies reporting postpartum depression within 2 weeks of delivery. Small, but non-significant differences in pooled prevalence were found by mother’s age, geographical location and study setting. Reported risk factors for postpartum depression included financial difficulties, presence of domestic violence, past history of psychiatric illness in mother, marital conflict, lack of support from husband and birth of a female baby. Conclusion The review shows a high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. More resources need to be allocated for capacity-building in maternal mental health care in India.
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U2 - 10.2471/BLT.17.192237
DO - 10.2471/BLT.17.192237
M3 - Article
C2 - 29147043
AN - SCOPUS:85030711147
SN - 0042-9686
VL - 95
SP - 706
EP - 717
JO - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
JF - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
IS - 10
ER -