TY - JOUR
T1 - Plasma Protein Biomarkers of Healthy Dietary Patterns
T2 - Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Framingham Heart Study
AU - Du, Shutong
AU - Chen, Jingsha
AU - Kim, Hyunju
AU - Walker, Maura E.
AU - Lichtenstein, Alice H.
AU - Chatterjee, Nilanjan
AU - Ganz, Peter
AU - Yu, Bing
AU - Vasan, Ramachandran S.
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Rebholz, Casey M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Society for Nutrition
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Background: Molecular mechanisms underlying the benefits of healthy dietary patterns are poorly understood. Identifying protein biomarkers of dietary patterns can contribute to characterizing biological pathways influenced by food intake. Objectives: This study aimed to identify protein biomarkers associated with four indexes of healthy dietary patterns: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015); Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010); DASH diet; and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED). Methods: Analyses were conducted on 10,490 Black and White men and women aged 49–73 y from the ARIC study at visit 3 (1993–1995). Dietary intake data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and plasma proteins were quantified using an aptamer-based proteomics assay. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between 4955 proteins and dietary patterns. We performed pathway overrepresentation analysis for diet-related proteins. An independent study population from the Framingham Heart Study was used for replication analyses. Results: In the multivariable-adjusted models, 282 out of 4955 proteins (5.7%) were significantly associated with at least one dietary pattern (HEI-2015: 137; AHEI-2010: 72; DASH: 254; aMED: 35; P value < 0.05/4955 = 1.01 × 10−5). There were 148 proteins that were associated with only one dietary pattern (HEI-2015: 22; AHEI-2010: 5; DASH: 121; aMED: 0), and 20 proteins were associated with all four dietary patterns. Five unique biological pathways were significantly enriched by diet-related proteins. Seven out of 20 proteins associated with all dietary patterns in the ARIC study were available for replication analyses, and 6 out of these 7 proteins were consistent in direction and significantly associated with at least 1 dietary pattern in the Framingham Heart Study (HEI-2015: 2; AHEI-2010: 4; DASH: 6; aMED: 4; P value < 0.05/7 = 7.14 × 10−3). Conclusions: A large-scale proteomic analysis identified plasma protein biomarkers that are representative of healthy dietary patterns among middle-aged and older US adult population. These protein biomarkers may be useful objective indicators of healthy dietary patterns.
AB - Background: Molecular mechanisms underlying the benefits of healthy dietary patterns are poorly understood. Identifying protein biomarkers of dietary patterns can contribute to characterizing biological pathways influenced by food intake. Objectives: This study aimed to identify protein biomarkers associated with four indexes of healthy dietary patterns: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015); Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010); DASH diet; and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED). Methods: Analyses were conducted on 10,490 Black and White men and women aged 49–73 y from the ARIC study at visit 3 (1993–1995). Dietary intake data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and plasma proteins were quantified using an aptamer-based proteomics assay. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between 4955 proteins and dietary patterns. We performed pathway overrepresentation analysis for diet-related proteins. An independent study population from the Framingham Heart Study was used for replication analyses. Results: In the multivariable-adjusted models, 282 out of 4955 proteins (5.7%) were significantly associated with at least one dietary pattern (HEI-2015: 137; AHEI-2010: 72; DASH: 254; aMED: 35; P value < 0.05/4955 = 1.01 × 10−5). There were 148 proteins that were associated with only one dietary pattern (HEI-2015: 22; AHEI-2010: 5; DASH: 121; aMED: 0), and 20 proteins were associated with all four dietary patterns. Five unique biological pathways were significantly enriched by diet-related proteins. Seven out of 20 proteins associated with all dietary patterns in the ARIC study were available for replication analyses, and 6 out of these 7 proteins were consistent in direction and significantly associated with at least 1 dietary pattern in the Framingham Heart Study (HEI-2015: 2; AHEI-2010: 4; DASH: 6; aMED: 4; P value < 0.05/7 = 7.14 × 10−3). Conclusions: A large-scale proteomic analysis identified plasma protein biomarkers that are representative of healthy dietary patterns among middle-aged and older US adult population. These protein biomarkers may be useful objective indicators of healthy dietary patterns.
KW - AHEI-2010
KW - ARIC
KW - DASH
KW - Framingham Heart Study
KW - HEI-2015
KW - aMED
KW - healthy dietary patterns
KW - proteomics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150135992&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85150135992&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.11.008
DO - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.11.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 36913470
AN - SCOPUS:85150135992
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 153
SP - 34
EP - 46
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 1
ER -