Pitavastatin 4 mg Provides Significantly Greater Reduction in Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol Compared with Pravastatin 40 mg: Results from the Short-term Phase IV PREVAIL US Trial in Patients with Primary Hyperlipidemia or Mixed Dyslipidemia

P. Elliott Miller, Seth S. Martin, Parag H. Joshi, Steven R. Jones, Joseph M. Massaro, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Craig A. Sponseller, Peter P. Toth

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose Remnants are partially hydrolyzed, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that are implicated in atherosclerosis. We assessed the adequacy of pitavastatin 4 mg and pravastatin 40 mg in reducing atherogenic lipid parameters beyond LDL-C, in particular remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C). Methods From the Phase IV, multicenter, randomized, double-blind PREVAIL US (A Study of Pitavastatin 4 mg Vs. Pravastatin 40 mg in Patients With Primary Hyperlipidemia or Mixed Dyslipidemia) trial, we examined lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions using Vertical Auto Profile testing and apolipoproteins B and A-I at baseline and 12 weeks. Participants with primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia had LDL-C levels of 130 to 220 mg/dL and triglyceride levels ≤400 mg/dL. In this post hoc analysis, changes in lipid parameters were compared by using ANCOVA. Findings Lipoprotein subfraction data were available in 312 patients (pitavastatin, n = 157; pravastatin, n = 155). Pitavastatin promoted a greater reduction in RLP-C than pravastatin (-13.6 [8.7] vs -9.3 [9.5] mg/dL). Furthermore, the pitavastatin group reported greater reductions in both components of RLP-C (both, P < 0.001): intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-9.5 [6.3] vs -6.4 [6.6] mg/dL) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction 3 (-4.1 [3.5] vs -2.9 [3.8] mg/dL). There were also greater reductions in the major ratios of risk (apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I and total cholesterol/HDL-C) (both, P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in HDL-C, its subfractions, or natural log lipoprotein(a)-cholesterol. The mean age was 58.8 ± 8.9 years in the pitavastatin group and 57.0 ± 10.2 years in the pravastatin group. Implications Compared with pravastatin 40 mg daily, pitavastatin 4 mg provided superior reductions in atherogenic lipid parameters beyond LDL-C, including RLP-C. Future studies are needed investigate the clinical implications of lowering directly measured RLP-C as the principal target. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01256476.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)603-609
Number of pages7
JournalClinical therapeutics
Volume38
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 1 2016

Keywords

  • Key words hyperlipidemia
  • mixed dyslipidemia
  • pitavastatin
  • pravastatin
  • remnant lipoprotein cholesterol

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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