@article{a6f0504a3c534b27a2313b4a3de10879,
title = "Peruvian Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strains possess a distinct region in the Vibrio seventh pandemic island-II that differentiates them from the prototype seventh pandemic El Tor strains",
abstract = "A collection of environmental and clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated from the beginning of the Latin American epidemic of cholera in 1991 to 2003 from multiple locations in Peru were characterized and compared with V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains of the seventh pandemic from the rest of the world (Asia, Africa, Australia and Europe) using a multilocus virulence gene profiling strategy and DNA sequencing. Peruvian strains differed from El Tor strains from the rest of the world by the failure of PCR to amplify genes VC0512, VC0513, VC0514 and VC0515 in the Vibrio seventh pandemic island-II (VSP-II) gene cluster. Sequencing of the VSP-II gene cluster and its flanking regions in one Peruvian strain (PERU-130) confirmed the PCR results, indicating that the Peruvian strain had low DNA homology (46.6%) compared to the reference strain N16961 within the VSP-II region encompassing genes VC0511 to VC0515. Based on these differences in VSP-II, and based on the overall similarity between the pulsotypes of the Peruvian strains and the El Tor reference strain N16961, we concluded that the Peruvian, Eurasian and African strains belonged to the same clonal complex, and that the Peruvian strains represented variants that had independently evolved for a relatively short time. Since these ORFs in VSP-II of Peruvian strains are unique and conserved, they could form the basis for tracking the origin of the Peruvian strains and therefore of the Latin American pandemic.",
author = "Suraia Nusrin and Gil, {Ana I.} and Bhuiyan, {N. A.} and Ashrafus Safa and Masahiro Asakura and Lanata, {Claudio F.} and E. Hall and H. Miranda and B. Huapaya and {Vargas G.}, Carmen and Luna, {M. A.} and Sack, {D. A.} and Shinji Yamasaki and Nair, {G. Balakrish}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank the patients and the staff of the dialysis and transplant units for contributing the data via their national and regional renal registries. Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the following registries and persons for their contribution of the data: Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry [OEDTR] (R. Kramar); Dutch speaking Belgian Society of Nephrology [NBVN] (M. Couttenye and F. Schroven); French speaking Belgian Society of Nephrology [GNFB] (J. M. des Grottes); Danish Nephrology Registry [DNS]; Finnish Registry for Kidney Diseases (A. Pylsy and P. H. Groop); France: The Epidemiology and Information Network in Nephrology [REIN] (M. Lassalle and C. Couchoud); Hellenic Renal Registry (N. Afentakis); Icelandic End-Stage Renal Disease Registry; Norwegian Renal Registry (T. Leivestad, A. V. Reis{\ae}ter, and A. {\AA}sberg); Swedish Renal Registry [SRR] (K. G. Pr{\"u}tz, M. Stendahl, S. Sch{\"o}n, T. Lundgren, and M. Segelmark); Dutch Renal Registry [RENINE] (L. Heuveling, S. Vogelaar, and M. Hemmelder); UK Renal Registry (all the staff of the UK Renal Registry and of the renal units submitting data); Scottish Renal Registry [SRR] (all of the Scottish renal units); and the regional registries of Andalusia [SICATA] (P. Castro de la Nuez; on behalf of all users of SICATA), Aragon (F. Arribas Monz{\'o}n, J. M. Abad Diez, and J. I. Sanchez Miret), Asturias (R. Alonso de la Torre, J. R. Quir{\'o}s, and RERCA Working Group), Basque country [UNIPAR] ({\'A}. Magaz, J. Aranzabal, M. Rodrigo, and I. Moina), Cantabria (J. C. Ruiz San Mill{\'a}n, O. Garcia Ruiz, and C. Pi{\~n}era Haces), Castile and Le{\'o}n (M. A. Palencia Garc{\'i}a), Catalonia [RMRC] (E. Arcos, J. Comas, and J. Tort), and Valencian region [REMRENAL] (M. Ferrer Alamar, N. Fuster Camarena, and J. P{\'e}rez Penad{\'e}s); and the other ERA-EDTA registry committee members not mentioned above for their advice in the analyses and the drafting of this paper: J. Harambat, L. Mercadal, M. Nordio, S. S. S{\o}rensen, and E. Vidal; and M. Pippias in the AMC Registry office for data collection and management. The ERA-EDTA Registry is funded by the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA). Finally, we would like to thank B. Foster and X. Zhang for explaining their analyses. ",
year = "2009",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1099/jmm.0.005397-0",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "58",
pages = "342--354",
journal = "Journal of medical microbiology",
issn = "0022-2615",
publisher = "Microbiology Society",
number = "3",
}