Peri-operative identification of patients at risk for obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition in the general population. However, a majority of individuals with moderate to severe OSA remain undiagnosed. The polysomnogram (PSG) remains the standard test used in the diagnosis of OSA. However, the time, labor, and costs associated with PSG preclude its widespread use as a routine preoperative screening tool. Increased awareness of signs and symptoms associated with OSA and more standardized methods for screening for the condition may help decrease the disparity between prevalence and diagnosis. The authors discuss polysomnography, breathing disorders associated with sleep, signs and symptoms associated with OSA, and associated co-morbidities.