Optimizing nutrition for the surgical patient: An evidenced based update to dispel five common myths in surgical nutrition care

Traditional practices in the delivery of nutrition to the surgical patient include reliance on nonspecific laboratory markers to define malnutrition, prolonged periods of nil per os, early and liberal initiation of parenteral nutrition, withholding enteral feedings based on gastric residual volume measurements, and pursuing feeding tube access for most patients unable to take oral nutrition. However, recent studies call into question all of these practices. This review aims to provide evidenced-based support to abandon these myths regarding nutrition delivery and offer practical up-to-date advice for best practices in patient care.