TY - JOUR
T1 - Optical Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interface Development
T2 - Challenges and Opportunities
AU - Scholl, Clara A.
AU - Bar-Kochba, Eyal
AU - Fitch, Michael J.
AU - Lefebvre, Austen T.
AU - Hendrickson, Scott M.
AU - Mathur, Rohan
AU - Mirski, Marek A.
AU - Steiner, Nicole E.
AU - Rodriguez, Carissa L.
AU - Wathen, Jeremiah J.
AU - Blodgett, David W.
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This material is based on work supported by APL under an independent research and development project.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 John Hopkins University. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Revolutionizing Prosthetics program demonstrated the potential for neural interface technologies, enabling patients to control and feel a prosthetic arm and hand, and even pilot an aircraft in simulation. These landmark achievements required invasive, chronically implanted penetrating electrode arrays, which are fundamentally incompatible with applications for the able-bodied warfighter or for long-term clinical applications. Noninvasive neural recording approaches have not been as effective, suffering from severe limitations in temporal and spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, depth penetration, portability, and cost. To help close these gaps, researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) are exploring optical techniques that record correlates of neural activity through either hemodynamic signatures or neural tissue motion as represented by the fast optical signal. Although these two signatures differ in terms of spatiotemporal resolution and depth at which the neural activity is recorded, they provide a path to realizing a portable, low-cost, high-performance brain-computer interface. If successful, this work will help usher in a new era of computing at the speed of thought.
AB - The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Revolutionizing Prosthetics program demonstrated the potential for neural interface technologies, enabling patients to control and feel a prosthetic arm and hand, and even pilot an aircraft in simulation. These landmark achievements required invasive, chronically implanted penetrating electrode arrays, which are fundamentally incompatible with applications for the able-bodied warfighter or for long-term clinical applications. Noninvasive neural recording approaches have not been as effective, suffering from severe limitations in temporal and spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, depth penetration, portability, and cost. To help close these gaps, researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) are exploring optical techniques that record correlates of neural activity through either hemodynamic signatures or neural tissue motion as represented by the fast optical signal. Although these two signatures differ in terms of spatiotemporal resolution and depth at which the neural activity is recorded, they provide a path to realizing a portable, low-cost, high-performance brain-computer interface. If successful, this work will help usher in a new era of computing at the speed of thought.
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M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85139480532
SN - 0270-5214
VL - 35
SP - 288
EP - 295
JO - Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest (Applied Physics Laboratory)
JF - Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest (Applied Physics Laboratory)
IS - 4
ER -