@article{f2b7aa56e37f49e68304f69347356c11,
title = "Opiates and memory",
abstract = "A painful stimulus readily enters into our memory systems, such that the possibility of receiving a repeat of the stimulus invokes a 'fearful' apprehensive reaction, including, often, avoidance. As described by Bruce Kapp and Michela Gallagher in this article, the site of this memory system is probably based in the amygdala, and at least for 'painful memories' seems to involve an opiate mediation.",
author = "Kapp, {Bruce S.} and Michela Gallagher",
note = "Funding Information: Knowledge in this new area of research, as in any area of science, proceeds by the gradual refinement of oversimplifications. I hope that presentation of these ideas will help continue to broaden our thinking about the problem of au0sm, and to help clarify how the problem may be attacked at a very basic level. Most of all, I hope these ideas will encourage sensitive clinicians to institute trials with naloxone within a long-term psychotherapeutic context. Parents of autistic children know that there is some constitutional infirmity within their children's minds that eventually must be addressed in neurophysiological and neurochemical terms. To what extent I have woven a tapestry of logic or fantasy is to be seen. At the present time, we can share little more than a collage of suggestive results. But new avenues of thought have also been opened, and only through our willingness to follow such paths can there be any hope for autistic children. Acknowledgements Many students and colleagues have shared their enthusiasm and energies in bringing to life the ideas summarized herein. I would especially like to acknowledge the collaborations of R. Conner, J. P. Scott, R. Meeker, B. Herman, T. Vilberg, P. Bishop, K. Davis, and F. DeEskinazi. Also I thank NIH for supporting this work through their award of a Research Scientist Development Award (MH-00086).",
year = "1979",
doi = "10.1016/0166-2236(79)90072-9",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "2",
pages = "177--180",
journal = "Trends in neurosciences",
issn = "0166-2236",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "C",
}