Nutritional Status in Aging and Lung Disease

R. Antonelli Incalzi, N. Scichilone, S. Fusco, A. Corsonello

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Lung diseases exert a negative impact on nutritional status, especially among older patients where aging per se is already associated with relevant changes in nutrient intake, metabolism, and body composition. Both respiratory (increased respiratory work, hypoxia, and local oxidative stress and inflammation) and nonrespiratory (sarcopenia, reduced mitochondrial biogenesis and anabolic hormones, balance of orexigenic/anorexigenic neuropeptides, and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress) contribute to the association between lung diseases and malnutrition. For these reasons, nutritional assessments are of paramount importance in older patients with lung diseases. Current evidence suggests that the Mini Nutritional Assessment is the most reliable instrument for nutritional screening in clinical practice. As regards body composition, bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is easy to apply and less expensive than dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Moreover, BIA may provide clinical benefit in the assessment of COPD patients. Nutritional interventions include correction of hypoxia, and supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, vitamin D, iron, and antioxidants.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationMolecular Basis of Nutrition and Aging
Subtitle of host publicationA Volume in the Molecular Nutrition Series
PublisherElsevier Inc.
Pages411-421
Number of pages11
ISBN (Electronic)9780128018279
ISBN (Print)9780128018163
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 28 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Aging
  • Elderly
  • Lung disease
  • Malnutrition

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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