Neonatal Tracheostomy

Jonathan Walsh

doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7

Neonatal Tracheostomy

Jonathan Walsh

School of Medicine

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

Abstract

Tracheostomy has played a critical role in the care of infants since the early 1900s; its history has been an evolving story of changing indications, technological advancements, and improvements in survival. The most frequent indications for neonatal tracheostomy are prolonged ventilation, facilitation of ventilator weaning, upper airway obstruction, subglottic stenosis, or infectious etiologies. When tracheostomy is required, the decisions of timing and patient selection are critical to reduce morbidity, although one limiting factor is the size of the neonatal airway in relation to the smallest available tracheostomy tube outer diameter (OD). Currently the most frequently used OD tracheostomy tubes are 2.5 mm with an OD of 3.6 mm. Again, there is no established weight requirement for the procedure, although it is frequently performed in infants with weights between 2 and 2.5 kg. In this chapter, we have summarized the clinical needs, protocols for evaluation, and approach for medical/surgical management of these patients.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Principles of Neonatology
Publisher	Elsevier
Pages	577-581
Number of pages	5
ISBN (Electronic)	9780323694155
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7
State	Published - Jan 1 2023

Keywords

ACS NSQIP-P (American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric) study
adaptive communication technologies
airway diameter
airway length
airway pressure
airway tumors
bacterial colonization
Bernoulli’s equation
biofilm
cognitive delay
congenital high airway obstruction (CHAOS)
cricoid and thyroid cartilage
dynamic collapse
end tidal CO
erosion
ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT)
glottis
healthcare costs
hearing impairment
indications
infant
inner tracheal diameter
integrative speech
language therapy
laryngeal and tracheal stenosis
lymphatic malformations
motor delay
need
newborn
Poiseuille’s equation
readmissions
resistance to flow
speaking valve tolerance
sternal notch
subglottic airway
subglottic stenosis
subglottis
thyroid gland isthmus
timing
tracheal granulation tissue
tracheal length
tracheitis
tracheo-innominate artery fistula
tracheostomy
tracheostomy tube outer diameter
ulceration
upper airway obstruction
visual impairment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

Access to Document

10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7

Cite this

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title = "Neonatal Tracheostomy",

abstract = "Tracheostomy has played a critical role in the care of infants since the early 1900s; its history has been an evolving story of changing indications, technological advancements, and improvements in survival. The most frequent indications for neonatal tracheostomy are prolonged ventilation, facilitation of ventilator weaning, upper airway obstruction, subglottic stenosis, or infectious etiologies. When tracheostomy is required, the decisions of timing and patient selection are critical to reduce morbidity, although one limiting factor is the size of the neonatal airway in relation to the smallest available tracheostomy tube outer diameter (OD). Currently the most frequently used OD tracheostomy tubes are 2.5 mm with an OD of 3.6 mm. Again, there is no established weight requirement for the procedure, although it is frequently performed in infants with weights between 2 and 2.5 kg. In this chapter, we have summarized the clinical needs, protocols for evaluation, and approach for medical/surgical management of these patients.",

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doi = "10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7",

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N2 - Tracheostomy has played a critical role in the care of infants since the early 1900s; its history has been an evolving story of changing indications, technological advancements, and improvements in survival. The most frequent indications for neonatal tracheostomy are prolonged ventilation, facilitation of ventilator weaning, upper airway obstruction, subglottic stenosis, or infectious etiologies. When tracheostomy is required, the decisions of timing and patient selection are critical to reduce morbidity, although one limiting factor is the size of the neonatal airway in relation to the smallest available tracheostomy tube outer diameter (OD). Currently the most frequently used OD tracheostomy tubes are 2.5 mm with an OD of 3.6 mm. Again, there is no established weight requirement for the procedure, although it is frequently performed in infants with weights between 2 and 2.5 kg. In this chapter, we have summarized the clinical needs, protocols for evaluation, and approach for medical/surgical management of these patients.

AB - Tracheostomy has played a critical role in the care of infants since the early 1900s; its history has been an evolving story of changing indications, technological advancements, and improvements in survival. The most frequent indications for neonatal tracheostomy are prolonged ventilation, facilitation of ventilator weaning, upper airway obstruction, subglottic stenosis, or infectious etiologies. When tracheostomy is required, the decisions of timing and patient selection are critical to reduce morbidity, although one limiting factor is the size of the neonatal airway in relation to the smallest available tracheostomy tube outer diameter (OD). Currently the most frequently used OD tracheostomy tubes are 2.5 mm with an OD of 3.6 mm. Again, there is no established weight requirement for the procedure, although it is frequently performed in infants with weights between 2 and 2.5 kg. In this chapter, we have summarized the clinical needs, protocols for evaluation, and approach for medical/surgical management of these patients.

KW - ACS NSQIP-P (American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric) study

KW - adaptive communication technologies

KW - airway diameter

KW - airway length

KW - airway pressure

KW - airway tumors

KW - bacterial colonization

KW - Bernoulli’s equation

KW - biofilm

KW - cognitive delay

KW - congenital high airway obstruction (CHAOS)

KW - cricoid and thyroid cartilage

KW - dynamic collapse

KW - end tidal CO

KW - erosion

KW - ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT)

KW - glottis

KW - healthcare costs

KW - hearing impairment

KW - indications

KW - infant

KW - inner tracheal diameter

KW - integrative speech

KW - language therapy

KW - laryngeal and tracheal stenosis

KW - lymphatic malformations

KW - motor delay

KW - need

KW - newborn

KW - Poiseuille’s equation

KW - readmissions

KW - resistance to flow

KW - speaking valve tolerance

KW - sternal notch

KW - subglottic airway

KW - subglottic stenosis

KW - subglottis

KW - thyroid gland isthmus

KW - timing

KW - tracheal granulation tissue

KW - tracheal length

KW - tracheitis

KW - tracheo-innominate artery fistula

KW - tracheostomy

KW - tracheostomy tube outer diameter

KW - ulceration

KW - upper airway obstruction

KW - visual impairment

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U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7

DO - 10.1016/B978-0-323-69415-5.00066-7

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:85186811387

SP - 577

EP - 581

BT - Principles of Neonatology

PB - Elsevier

ER -

Neonatal Tracheostomy

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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