Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal cancer is a disease clinically and biologically distinct from smoking-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite its rapidly increasing incidence, the mutational landscape of HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remains understudied. Methods: This article presents the first mutational analysis of the 46 HPV+ OPSCC tumors within the newly expanded cohort of 530 HNSCC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A separate exome sequencing analysis was also performed for 46 HPV+ OPSCCs matched to their normal lymphocyte controls from the Johns Hopkins University cohort. Results: There was a strikingly high 33% frequency of mutations within genes associated with chromatin regulation, including mutations in lysine methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C), lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D), nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 (NSD1), CREB binding protein (CREBBP), E1A-associated protein p300 (EP300), and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). In addition, the commonly altered genes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) showed distinct domain-specific hotspot mutations in comparison with their HPV– counterparts. PIK3CA showed a uniquely high rate of mutations within the helicase domain, and FGFR3 contained a predominance of hotspot S249C alterations that were not found in HPV– HNSCC. Conclusions: This analysis represents one of the largest studies to date of HPV+ OPSCC and lends novel insight into the genetic landscape of this biologically distinct disease, including a high rate of mutations in histone- and chromatin-modifying genes, which may offer novel therapeutic targets.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 2423-2434 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Cancer |
Volume | 125 |
Issue number | 14 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 15 2019 |
Keywords
- The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)
- epigenetics
- exome sequencing
- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- human papillomavirus (HPV)
- oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oncology
- Cancer Research