Multiparametric MRI findings of granulomatous prostatitis after intravesical bacillus calmette-guérin therapy in a patient undergoing active surveillance

Monitoring prostate cancer (PCa) using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) may have an important role in active surveillance (AS) for low-risk PCa. Benign mimickers of PCa on MP-MRI can falsely raise the level of suspicion for disease progression, triggering earlier biopsy procedures or overtreatment, or both. The granulomatous prostatitis (GP) induced by intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for bladder cancer has been recognized as a benign mimicker of PCa on MP-MRI. We present a case of GP induced by intravesical BCG therapy of bladder cancer in a patient with lowrisk PCa managed with AS in whom highly suspicious imaging findings indicating potential disease progression developed on a second surveillance MP-MRI.