Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are not targeted by most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines, despite being major routes for HIV-1 transmission. Here we report a novel vaccination regimen consisting of a mucosalprime with a modified replicating vaccinia virus Tiantan strain (MVTTSIVgpe) and an intramuscular boost with a nonreplicating adenovirus strain (Ad5SIVgpe). This regimen elicited robust cellular immune responses with enhanced magnitudes, sustainability, and polyfunctionality, as well as higher titers of neutralizing antibodies against the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac1A11 in rhesus monkeys. The reductions in peak and set-point viral loads were significant in most animals, with one other animal being protected fully from highdose intrarectal inoculation of SIVmac239. Furthermore, the animals vaccinated with this regimen were healthy, while~75% of control animals developed simian AIDS. The protective effects correlated with the vaccine-elicited SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses against Gag and Pol. Our study provides a novel strategy for developing an HIV-1 vaccine by using the combination of a replicating vector and mucosal priming.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 5669-5677 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of virology |
Volume | 87 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 2013 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Insect Science
- Virology