Abstract
Many acute and potentially life-threatening medical conditions have hyperkinetic or hypokinetic movement disorders as their hallmark. Here we review the clinical phenomenology, and diagnostic principles of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, malignant catatonia, serotonin syndrome, Parkinsonism hyperpyrexia, acute parkinsonism, acute chorea-ballism, drug-induced dystonia, and status dystonicus. In the absence of definitive lab tests and imaging, only a high index of clinical suspicion, awareness of at-risk populations, and variations in clinical presentation can help with diagnosis. We also discuss the principles of management and rationale behind treatment modalities in the light of more recent evidence.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 125-136 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Seminars in Neurology |
Volume | 39 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2019 |
Keywords
- acute dystonic reaction
- acute Parkinsonism
- antipsychotics
- drug-induced dystonia
- malignant catatonia
- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- oculogyric crisis
- Parkinsonism hyperpyrexia
- serotonin syndrome
- tardive dyskinesia
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neurology
- Clinical Neurology