Medical management updates for gender minority youth and difficult cases

Medical care for transgender adolescents extends beyond understanding which hormones to prescribe. There are complex questions regarding the etiology of gender identity, the long-term effects of puberty blockers and gender-affirming hormone therapy, and which fertility options will be available after various treatments for gender dysphoria. This article will address recent research and data on these complex questions, as well as difficult clinical cases that highlight the challenges medical professionals face in providing quality and contemporary care for transgender youth and their families.