TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Nutritional Status and Infant Birth Weight in Relation to 0–2 Year-Growth Trajectory and Adiposity in Term Chinese Newborns with Appropriate Birth Weight-for-Gestational Age
AU - Ouyang, Fengxiu
AU - Wang, Xiaobin
AU - Wells, Jonathan C.
AU - Wang, Xia
AU - Shen, Lixiao
AU - Zhang, Jun
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81961128023 and 82261128001), National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFE0124700), International Atomic Energy Agency (CRP E43032 and RAS6092), Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2020CXJQ01, GWV-10.1-XK07), and in part by the Gates Foundation Healthy Birth, Growth & Development knowledge integration (HBGDki) project (No. OPP1153191).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Being born with appropriate weight-for-gestational age (AGA, ~80% of newborns) is often considered as low risk for future obesity. This study examined differential growth trajectories in the first two years by considering pre- and peri-natal factors among term-born AGA infants. We prospectively investigated 647 AGA infants and their mothers enrolled during 2012–2013 in Shanghai, China, and obtained repeated anthropometric measures at ages 42 days, 3, 6, 9, and 18 months from postnatal care records, and onsite measurements at age 1 and 2 years (skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)). Birthweight was classified into sex-and gestational age-specific tertiles. Among mothers, 16.3% were overweight/obese (OWO), and 46.2% had excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). The combination of maternal prepregnancy OWO and high birthweight tertile identified a subset of AGA infants with 4.1 mm higher skinfold thickness (95% CI 2.2–5.9), 1.3 cm higher MUAC (0.8–1.7), and 0.89 units higher weight-for-length z-score (0.54, 1.24) at 2 years of age with adjustment for covariates. Excessive GWG was associated with higher child adiposity measures at 2 years of age. AGA infants manifested differential growth trajectories by the combination of maternal OWO and higher birthweight, suggesting that additional attention is needed for those “at increased risk” of OWO in early intervention.
AB - Being born with appropriate weight-for-gestational age (AGA, ~80% of newborns) is often considered as low risk for future obesity. This study examined differential growth trajectories in the first two years by considering pre- and peri-natal factors among term-born AGA infants. We prospectively investigated 647 AGA infants and their mothers enrolled during 2012–2013 in Shanghai, China, and obtained repeated anthropometric measures at ages 42 days, 3, 6, 9, and 18 months from postnatal care records, and onsite measurements at age 1 and 2 years (skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)). Birthweight was classified into sex-and gestational age-specific tertiles. Among mothers, 16.3% were overweight/obese (OWO), and 46.2% had excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). The combination of maternal prepregnancy OWO and high birthweight tertile identified a subset of AGA infants with 4.1 mm higher skinfold thickness (95% CI 2.2–5.9), 1.3 cm higher MUAC (0.8–1.7), and 0.89 units higher weight-for-length z-score (0.54, 1.24) at 2 years of age with adjustment for covariates. Excessive GWG was associated with higher child adiposity measures at 2 years of age. AGA infants manifested differential growth trajectories by the combination of maternal OWO and higher birthweight, suggesting that additional attention is needed for those “at increased risk” of OWO in early intervention.
KW - adiposity
KW - birthweight for gestational age
KW - gestational diabetes
KW - gestational weight gain
KW - growth trajectory
KW - maternal obesity
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U2 - 10.3390/nu15051125
DO - 10.3390/nu15051125
M3 - Article
C2 - 36904121
AN - SCOPUS:85149763091
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 15
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 5
M1 - 1125
ER -