TY - JOUR
T1 - Magnetic resonance imaging of glycogen using its magnetic coupling with water
AU - Zhou, Yang
AU - van Zijl, Peter C.M.
AU - Xu, Xiang
AU - Xu, Jiadi
AU - Li, Yuguo
AU - Chen, Lin
AU - Yadav, Nirbhay N.
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This work was supported by NIH grants EB015032 (to P.C.M.v.Z) and EB025295 (to N.N.Y.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/2/11
Y1 - 2020/2/11
N2 - Glycogen plays a central role in glucose homeostasis and is abundant in several types of tissue. We report an MRI method for imaging glycogen noninvasively with enhanced detection sensitivity and high specificity, using the magnetic coupling between glycogen and water protons through the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE). We show in vitro that the glycogen NOE (glycoNOE) signal is correlated linearly with glycogen concentration, while pH and temperature have little effect on its intensity. For validation, we imaged glycoNOE signal changes in mouse liver, both before and after fasting and during glucagon infusion. The glycoNOE signal was reduced by 88 ± 16% (n = 5) after 24 h of fasting and by 76 ± 22% (n = 5) at 1 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of glucagon, which is known to rapidly deplete hepatic glycogen. The ability to noninvasively image glycogen should allow assessment of diseases in which glucose metabolism or storage is altered, for instance, diabetes, cardiac disease, muscular disorders, cancer, and glycogen storage diseases.
AB - Glycogen plays a central role in glucose homeostasis and is abundant in several types of tissue. We report an MRI method for imaging glycogen noninvasively with enhanced detection sensitivity and high specificity, using the magnetic coupling between glycogen and water protons through the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE). We show in vitro that the glycogen NOE (glycoNOE) signal is correlated linearly with glycogen concentration, while pH and temperature have little effect on its intensity. For validation, we imaged glycoNOE signal changes in mouse liver, both before and after fasting and during glucagon infusion. The glycoNOE signal was reduced by 88 ± 16% (n = 5) after 24 h of fasting and by 76 ± 22% (n = 5) at 1 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of glucagon, which is known to rapidly deplete hepatic glycogen. The ability to noninvasively image glycogen should allow assessment of diseases in which glucose metabolism or storage is altered, for instance, diabetes, cardiac disease, muscular disorders, cancer, and glycogen storage diseases.
KW - Fasting
KW - Glucagon
KW - Liver
KW - Saturation transfer
KW - Z-spectrum
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1909921117
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1909921117
M3 - Article
C2 - 32001509
AN - SCOPUS:85079328938
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 117
SP - 3144
EP - 3149
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 6
ER -