TY - JOUR
T1 - Low correlation between household carbon monoxide and particulate matter concentrations from biomass-related pollution in three resource-poor settings
AU - COCINAS Trial Working Group
AU - Klasen, Elizabeth M.
AU - Wills, Beatriz
AU - Naithani, Neha
AU - Gilman, Robert H.
AU - Tielsch, James M.
AU - Chiang, Marilu
AU - Khatry, Subarna
AU - Breysse, Patrick N.
AU - Menya, Diana
AU - Apaka, Cosmas
AU - Carter, E. Jane
AU - Sherman, Charles B.
AU - Miranda, J. Jaime
AU - Checkley, William
AU - Grajeda, Laura
AU - Haustein, Delia
AU - Huaman, Angela
AU - Kimaiyo, Sylvester
AU - LeClerq, Steven
AU - Levano, Mariela
AU - Levy, Stephanie
AU - Mosol, Priscah
AU - Ogaro, Francis
AU - Rhodes, Evelyn
AU - Wise, Robert A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by federal funds of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , United States National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN268200900033C .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Household air pollution from the burning of biomass fuels is recognized as the third greatest contributor to the global burden of disease. Incomplete combustion of biomass fuels releases a complex mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) and other toxins into the household environment. Some investigators have used indoor CO concentrations as a reliable surrogate of indoor PM concentrations; however, the assumption that indoor CO concentration is a reasonable proxy of indoor PM concentration has been a subject of controversy. We sought to describe the relationship between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations in 128 households across three resource-poor settings in Peru, Nepal, and Kenya. We simultaneously collected minute-to-minute PM2.5 and CO concentrations within a meter of the open-fire stove for approximately 24h using the EasyLog-USB-CO data logger (Lascar Electronics, Erie, PA) and the personal DataRAM-1000AN (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA), respectively. We also collected information regarding household construction characteristics, and cooking practices of the primary cook. Average 24h indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations ranged between 615 and 1440μg/m3, and between 9.1 and 35.1ppm, respectively. Minute-to-minute indoor PM2.5 concentrations were in a safe range (<25μg/m3) between 17% and 65% of the time, and exceeded 1000μg/m3 between 8% and 21% of the time, whereas indoor CO concentrations were in a safe range (<7ppm) between 46% and 79% of the time and exceeded 50ppm between 4%, and 20% of the time. Overall correlations between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations were low to moderate (Spearmanρ between 0.59 and 0.83). There was also poor agreement and evidence of proportional bias between observed indoor PM2.5 concentrations vs. those estimated based on indoor CO concentrations, with greater discordance at lower concentrations. Our analysis does not support the notion that indoor CO concentration is a surrogate marker for indoor PM2.5 concentration across all settings. Both are important markers of household air pollution with different health and environmental implications and should therefore be independently measured.
AB - Household air pollution from the burning of biomass fuels is recognized as the third greatest contributor to the global burden of disease. Incomplete combustion of biomass fuels releases a complex mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) and other toxins into the household environment. Some investigators have used indoor CO concentrations as a reliable surrogate of indoor PM concentrations; however, the assumption that indoor CO concentration is a reasonable proxy of indoor PM concentration has been a subject of controversy. We sought to describe the relationship between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations in 128 households across three resource-poor settings in Peru, Nepal, and Kenya. We simultaneously collected minute-to-minute PM2.5 and CO concentrations within a meter of the open-fire stove for approximately 24h using the EasyLog-USB-CO data logger (Lascar Electronics, Erie, PA) and the personal DataRAM-1000AN (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA), respectively. We also collected information regarding household construction characteristics, and cooking practices of the primary cook. Average 24h indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations ranged between 615 and 1440μg/m3, and between 9.1 and 35.1ppm, respectively. Minute-to-minute indoor PM2.5 concentrations were in a safe range (<25μg/m3) between 17% and 65% of the time, and exceeded 1000μg/m3 between 8% and 21% of the time, whereas indoor CO concentrations were in a safe range (<7ppm) between 46% and 79% of the time and exceeded 50ppm between 4%, and 20% of the time. Overall correlations between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations were low to moderate (Spearmanρ between 0.59 and 0.83). There was also poor agreement and evidence of proportional bias between observed indoor PM2.5 concentrations vs. those estimated based on indoor CO concentrations, with greater discordance at lower concentrations. Our analysis does not support the notion that indoor CO concentration is a surrogate marker for indoor PM2.5 concentration across all settings. Both are important markers of household air pollution with different health and environmental implications and should therefore be independently measured.
KW - Biomass fuel smoke
KW - Carbon monoxide
KW - Particulate matter
KW - Rndomized field trial
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.012
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 26245367
AN - SCOPUS:84938365317
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 142
SP - 424
EP - 431
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
ER -