TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal predictors of depressive symptoms among low income injection drug users
AU - Knowlton, A. R.
AU - Latkin, C. A.
AU - Schroeder, J. R.
AU - Hoover, D. R.
AU - Ensminger, M.
AU - Celentano, D. D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse grants DA50, DA08331995 and DA04.334 The authors thank Dr David Vavhlfor hios helpul cfomments, and Shang-en Chung for her assistance with the data analysis.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Effects of changes in physical health status and drug use, and prior social support on depressive symptoms were assessed in low income injection drug users. Data are from participants (n=503) enrolled at baseline (1994-1995) who remained at one-year follow-up (79%), of whom 37% were HIV-positive and 36% female. Physical health was measured by HIV symptoms, AIDS, CD4 count and functional limitation (IADLs). One-third scored high on depressive symptoms (CES-D≥16) at one-year follow-up, representing no statistically significant change from baseline (38%). In multiple logistic regression, after controlling for baseline depression scores (OR=6.11, p<0.001) and drug use (OR=1.20, p=0.192), baseline functional limitation (OR=3.28, p<0.001) and declining functioning (OR=3.60, p<0.001) were positively, and quitting drug use was negatively, associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up. Low social support at baseline (OR=0.58, p<0.10) was marginally predictive of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms did not differ by gender. For HIV-positive respondents, functional limitation was predictive of depressive symptoms, but HIV illness and drug use were not. Facilitating drug treatment and preventive medical care may aid in reducing depression in this population. For HIV-positive drug users, drug treatment prior to AIDS may help reduce depressive symptoms, with potential implications for HIV service utilization and medical adherence.
AB - Effects of changes in physical health status and drug use, and prior social support on depressive symptoms were assessed in low income injection drug users. Data are from participants (n=503) enrolled at baseline (1994-1995) who remained at one-year follow-up (79%), of whom 37% were HIV-positive and 36% female. Physical health was measured by HIV symptoms, AIDS, CD4 count and functional limitation (IADLs). One-third scored high on depressive symptoms (CES-D≥16) at one-year follow-up, representing no statistically significant change from baseline (38%). In multiple logistic regression, after controlling for baseline depression scores (OR=6.11, p<0.001) and drug use (OR=1.20, p=0.192), baseline functional limitation (OR=3.28, p<0.001) and declining functioning (OR=3.60, p<0.001) were positively, and quitting drug use was negatively, associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up. Low social support at baseline (OR=0.58, p<0.10) was marginally predictive of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms did not differ by gender. For HIV-positive respondents, functional limitation was predictive of depressive symptoms, but HIV illness and drug use were not. Facilitating drug treatment and preventive medical care may aid in reducing depression in this population. For HIV-positive drug users, drug treatment prior to AIDS may help reduce depressive symptoms, with potential implications for HIV service utilization and medical adherence.
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U2 - 10.1080/09540120120063197
DO - 10.1080/09540120120063197
M3 - Article
C2 - 11571003
AN - SCOPUS:0034802927
SN - 0954-0121
VL - 13
SP - 549
EP - 559
JO - AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
JF - AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
IS - 5
ER -